Karen Homegardens: Characteristics, Functions, and Species Diversity

Panyadee, Prateep; Balslev, Henrik; Wangpakapattanawong, Prasit; Inta, Angkhana

doi:10.1007/s12231-018-9404-8

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Agrobiodiversity in our sample of 20 HGs in Tabasco was quite high (279 species) as compared to the findings in other studies in México [65,66] and the tropics in general [2,3,11,24,37,67]. The richness of species native to Mesoamerica and the Neotropics and the fact that 21 species are listed in national and international conservation categories confirm HGs' high relevance for regional conservation of agrobiodiversity as well as ongoing species domestication [2,25,31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The high score of functionality knowledge in the socio-cultural dimension and in particular of knowledge transmission to younger generations indicate that HGs are a response to the ecological, economic and social changes in Tabasco [ 47 ], as has occurred also in other regions [ 12 , 67 , 69 ]. This response explains why we did not find a correlation between species richness/Shannon diversity index and functionality knowledge scores in the socio-cultural dimension: much of the considered functionality knowledge does not depend directly on the availability of species in the HG but rather refers to the belonging to a regional culture and the desire to transmit it (for example, f1, f3, f4, f5, f7 and f11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home gardens’ agrobiodiversity and owners’ knowledge of their ecological, economic and socio-cultural multifunctionality: a case study in the lowlands of Tabasco, México

Avilez-López

Wal

Maya

et al. 2020

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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Background: Home gardens (HGs) are hotspots of in situ agrobiodiversity conservation. We conducted a case study in Tabasco, México, on HG owners' knowledge of HG ecological, economical and socio-cultural multifunctionality and how it relates to agrobiodiversity as measured by species richness and diversity. The term multifunctionality knowledge refers to owners' knowledge on how HGs contribute to ecological processes, family economy, as well as human relations and local culture. We hypothesized a positive correlation between owners' multifunctionality knowledge and their HGs' agrobiodiversity. Methods: We inventoried all perennial species in 20 HGs, determined observed species richness, calculated Shannon diversity indexes and analysed species composition using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS). Based on literature, semi-structured interviews and a dialogue of knowledge with HG owners, we catalogued the locally recognized functions in the ecological, economic and socio-cultural dimensions. We determined the score of knowledge on each function in the three dimensions on explicit scales based on the interviews and observed management. We determined Spearman rs correlations of HGs' observed species richness, Shannon diversity index (H) and of HGs' scores on NMDS-axis and multifunctionality knowledge scores. We dialogued on the results and implications for agrobiodiversity conservation at workshops of HG owners, researchers and local organizations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home gardens’ agrobiodiversity and owners’ knowledge of their ecological, economic and socio-cultural multifunctionality: a case study in the lowlands of Tabasco, México

Avilez-López

Wal

Maya

et al. 2020

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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“…Traditionally, the Karen practice slash-and-burn agriculture, growing rice for their everyday consumption and for feeding their livestock [ 15 ]. Many Karen households prefer to cultivate useful plants in their home gardens [ 16 ]. More than 90% of the Karen in Thailand practice animism and the remainder have converted to become Buddhist or Christians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnomedicinal Plant Knowledge of the Karen in Thailand

Phumthum

Balslev

Kantasrila

et al. 2020

Plants

Self Cite

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The Thai Karen, the largest hill-tribe in Thailand, guard substantial ethnomedicinal plant knowledge, as documented in several studies that targeted single villages. Here, we have compiled information from all the reliable and published sources to present a comprehensive overview of the Karen ethnomedicinal plant knowledge. Our dataset covers 31 Karen villages distributed over eight provinces in Thailand. We used the Cultural Importance Index (CI) to determine which species were the most valuable to the Karen and the Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) to evaluate how well distributed the knowledge of ethnomedicinal plants was in various medicinal use categories. In the 31 Karen villages, we found 3188 reports of ethnomedicinal plant uses of 732 species in 150 plant families. Chromolaena odorata, Biancaea sappan, and Tinospora crispa were the most important medicinal plants, with the highest CI values. The Leguminosae, Asteraceae, Zingiberaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, and Menispermaceae were the families with the highest CI values in the mentioned order. A high proportion of all the 3188 Karen use reports were used to treat digestive, general and unspecified, musculoskeletal, and skin disorders.

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“…In many countries, high levels of inter-and intraspecific plant genetic diversity, especially present in traditional crop landraces, are preserved in home gardens (Panyadee et al 2018). Therefore, it is possible that some of the historic landraces are still grown on small-scale farms or home gardens in Japan.…”

Section: Landraces: Loss Of Genetic Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost Grains and Forgotten Vegetables from Japan: the Seikei Zusetsu Agricultural Catalog (1793–1804)

Chatterjee

Andel

2019

Econ Bot

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Historic illustrations represent interesting source material for the study of traditional crop varieties that have not been described in the literature or safeguarded in germplasm institutes or botanic gardens. Here, we present the crop diversity depicted on 143 illustrated pages of the 30-volume Seikei Zusetsu agricultural catalog, compiled in Japan around 1800 and gifted to the Dutch East India Company physician and naturalist Philipp Franz Von Siebold (1796-1866). We identified 109 different species of crops and wild edible plants in the catalog, in which cereals were represented with 35 different varieties and Brassicaceae with 29 varieties of turnips, cabbages, and radishes. We published all images online, with translations of the historic Kanji and Katakana names, of which 103 included ancient Dutch crop names. Less than half of these early nineteenth-century crop species are still grown in substantial quantities in Japan today, although some may have survived in home gardens. The Seikei Zusetsu catalog is a valuable repository of traditional Japanese knowledge on crops, agricultural practices, and food processing methods and could stimulate efforts to create more agrobiodiverse farming systems and the marketing of high-value crops to ensure the survival of distinctive food cultures.

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Karen Homegardens: Characteristics, Functions, and Species Diversity

Cited by 30 publications

References 41 publications

Home gardens’ agrobiodiversity and owners’ knowledge of their ecological, economic and socio-cultural multifunctionality: a case study in the lowlands of Tabasco, México

Home gardens’ agrobiodiversity and owners’ knowledge of their ecological, economic and socio-cultural multifunctionality: a case study in the lowlands of Tabasco, México

Ethnomedicinal Plant Knowledge of the Karen in Thailand

Lost Grains and Forgotten Vegetables from Japan: the Seikei Zusetsu Agricultural Catalog (1793–1804)

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