Karst Modeling of a Miocene Carbonate Build-up in Central Luconia, SE Asia: Challenges in Seismic Characterization and Geological Model Building

Chung, Elvis Kang Yeu; Ting, King King; Al-Jaaidi, Omar

doi:10.2523/14539-ms

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, Zeng et al (2011) discussed the occurrence of circular fault structures related to collapse sinkholes highlighted using similarity attributes. Semblance and variance attributes have been used to delineate drainage patterns associated with paleokarst highlighted in regions of chaotic seismic expressions (Vahrenkamp et al 2004, Chung et al 2011, as well as subtle sinkhole features in the limestones in South Oklahoma (Aboaba and Liner 2020). Other methods include the use of structural filtering (Russel-Houston and Gray 2014), curvature and dip-related attributes (Sullivan et al 2006, Qi et al 2014, acoustic impedance inversion (Vahrenkamp et al 2004), spectral decomposition (Ahlborn et al 2014, Qi et al 2014, and rock physics models (Sun et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleokarst features in the Aptian carbonates of the Barra Velha Formation, Santos Basin, Brazil

Nworie,

Chinelatto,

Vidal

2023

Braz. J. Geol.

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Seismic data, borehole image logs, and conventional well logs were used to investigate the distribution and characteristics of paleokarst features in the Aptian carbonates of the Barra Velha Formation in a pilot area of the Santos Basin, Brazil. Multiple seismic attributes were used to enhance details on the seismic data and highlight key seismic parameters including strata deformation and geometry, continuity of seismic events, and fault patterns. The study found that karst structures are controlled by faults and fractures along structural highs, which served as a conduit for the flow of dynamic fluids that dissolved the carbonate materials. Several closed, circular depressions and bright spots identified in the northeastern portion of the study area represent possible sinkhole structures. Epigenic and hypogenic processes due to the action of meteoric water, hydrothermal activity, and intra-formation acidity along regional unconformities in the Barremian-Aptian may have been responsible for the dissolution. Limitations of this study are related to the difficulty of integrating multiple datasets with various scales. However, the higher confidence for the occurrence of the karst features is provided by borehole images at the sub-seismic scale. The findings of this study hold significant relevance for the strategic planning of energy development and carbon sequestration initiatives in the Brazilian continental margins, thereby aiding in informed decision-making.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleokarst features in the Aptian carbonates of the Barra Velha Formation, Santos Basin, Brazil

Nworie,

Chinelatto,

Vidal

2023

Braz. J. Geol.

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“…Thermal imbalance is an important issue in the current research field of GCHP technology [15]. This study established a physical model and a numerical simulation to demonstrate how the fracture water impacts the heat transfer and energy storage in a fractured rock mass in karst areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Application of Fracture Water to Mitigate the Thermal Imbalance of a Rock Mass Associated with the Operation of Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps

Luo

Pei

et al. 2022

Energies

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Shallow geothermal energy is a clean and effective form of energy that can overcome the problems associated with the depletion of carbon-based energy carbon emissions. Due to the special hydrogeological conditions in karst regions, the heat transfer between heat exchange boreholes and the ground formation is a complicated, multi-physical process. The abundant groundwater flow plays an important role in the heat transfer process, and even presents an opportunity to mitigate the heat imbalance during the long term operation of ground-coupled heat pumps (GCHP). In this study, both laboratorial experiments and numerical simulations were performed to analyze the mechanism that shows how fracture water impacts on heat capacity and the thermal imbalance of the energy storage rock mass. The results showed that the overall temperature fluctuation of the rock mass was reduced by the fracture water, and the temperature curve with time became gentler, which means in practice that the heat imbalance in the rock mass could be delayed. However, the temperature contour map showed that the impact of the fracture water flow was constrained in the nearby areas and decreased obviously with distance. The temperature field was also dragged along the direction of the fracture water flow. During the shutdown period, the fracture water significantly enhanced the thermal recovery ability of the rock mass. The results will assist in further understanding the mechanism of heat transfer and energy balance in a rock mass with fracture water flow. It is proposed that the U pipes should be located at zones with abundant fracture water if the construction condition permits. U pipes that are near the fractures should share more of the load or a denser layout could be possible as their heat transfer capacity is improved by the water flow.

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“…Karst in carbonate platforms of Central Luconia has been discussed by many scholars since the 1980s [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Karstification in Central Luconia was first detected in the early days of exploration when most of the drilled wells encountered mud losses and other complications [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Warrlich et al [15] in their study on E11 field, Central Luconia, and the Malampaya field, offshore Philippines, revealed that meteoric leaching and cementation as well as late leaching created depositional-layer-conformable geobodies of high-porosity and low-porosity rocks. Further seismic interpretation supplemented with attribute analysis revealed prominent dendritic features on Central Luconia carbonate platforms and were studied by only a few authors, however, the karst features have never been quantitatively described in detail [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Spectral Decomposition Technique to Delineate the Evolution of Karst on Carbonate Platforms of Central Luconia, Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia

et al. 2021

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Karstification in carbonate platforms of the Miocene age in Central Luconia province, offshore Sarawak, Malaysia, has been discussed since the onset of exploration and initial discoveries in the region, with over 200 mapped platforms to date. An extensive drilling program over the last decade confirmed the existence of karst during the drilling process where issues such as total loss circulation and bit drops were common. Karst in Central Luconia has been proposed by several authors; however, detailed quantitative description of the observed features have not yet been conducted. This study involves systematic mapping of loss circulation depths, chalkified/rubble/vuggy zones described from cores, and vugs of >2 mm in size and moldic porosity observed on thin sections of the Jintan platform. These data supplement the interpretation of karst from multiple 3D seismic attributes. Seismic interpretation of the Jintan and M1 platforms revealed an extensive dendritic pattern which is on average 70–100 m deep and 3–5 km long, and circular geobodies of 1 km in width that exist on the upper part of the platform. Spectral decomposition, also known as time-frequency analysis, was used to enhance the interpretation of karst features on seismics within a specific wavelength. In this study, a comparison of three spectral decomposition methods applied on the 3D seismic cube of the Jintan and M1 platforms was undertaken to determine the method which allowed for better delineation of the karst features. The results show that the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method using frequencies of 46, 54, and 60 Hz delineated most of the karst features compared to the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) Morlet and CWT Ricker wavelet methods. This paper aims to discuss the dimensions, evolution and geometry of the karst features quantitatively on three selected karst horizons named “K1”, “K2”, “K3”. Interpretation revealed that the dendritic karst features were found to be most prominent on the K2 horizon which lies below a conspicuous change of the external geomorphology of the platform. Backstepping of the platform margin by 12 km is observed in both platforms. Quantitative seismic interpretation shows that the karst observed in M1 platform is approximately 70–100 m deep, and the dendritic features are around 1–2 km in length and approximately 500 m wide; whereas, in the Jintan platform the dendritic features observed are up to 5 km in length with several 1 km wide circular/sinkhole features. More than 20 dendritic features orientated SE and NS were mapped mainly in the transitional area as well as the center of both platforms. The nature of the karst morphology in Central Luconia remains controversial; however, it is proposed to be of mixing zone karst origin.

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Karst Modeling of a Miocene Carbonate Build-up in Central Luconia, SE Asia: Challenges in Seismic Characterization and Geological Model Building

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Paleokarst features in the Aptian carbonates of the Barra Velha Formation, Santos Basin, Brazil

Paleokarst features in the Aptian carbonates of the Barra Velha Formation, Santos Basin, Brazil

Research on the Application of Fracture Water to Mitigate the Thermal Imbalance of a Rock Mass Associated with the Operation of Ground-Coupled Heat Pumps

Application of Spectral Decomposition Technique to Delineate the Evolution of Karst on Carbonate Platforms of Central Luconia, Offshore Sarawak, Malaysia

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