Karyological investigations and new chromosome number reports in Bellevalia Lapeyrouse, 1808 and Muscari Miller, 1758 (Asparagaceae) from Algeria

Azizi, Nadjat; Amirouche, Rachid; Amirouche, Nabila

doi:10.3897/compcytogen.v10i1.6445

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In Algeria, for both A. acutifolius and A. officinalis, we found only 2x cytotypes. The predominance of diploid compared to tetraploid cytotypes have been previously established for some Algerian species belonging to the families Alliaceae and Hyacinthaceae (Hamouche et al, 2010;Azizi et al, 2016;Khedim et al, 2016).…”

Section: Taxonomic and Biogeographical Remarksmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparative morphological and cytogenetic study of five Asparagus (Asparagaceae) species from Algeria including the endemic A. altissimus Munby

Boubetra¹,

Amirouche²,

Amirouche³

2017

Turk J Bot

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Forty wild populations belonging to five Asparagus species including the endemic A. altissimus were sampled in an eastwest bioclimatic gradient of North Algeria. More than 250 individuals were taxonomically examined and karyologically investigated. Meiotic behavior was analyzed for each species. New chromosome numbers were consistent with the base number x = 10 for the genus Asparagus, and two cytotypes, diploid and hexaploid, were observed. Four species were found to have 2n = 20 chromosomes, highlighting the prominence of diploidy in North Africa. One polyploid with 2n = 60 is reported here as the first karyological information on the endemic A. altissimus. Karyotype parameters were established and compared for diploid species. New data provided for A. acutifolius and A. albus indicate differences in the number of submetacentric chromosomes and genome size estimated by total chromosome length. A. acutifolius is distinguished by the largest genome, the smallest being that of A. horridus. The hexaploid cytotype consists of very small metacentric chromosomes. All diploid species displayed regular meiotic behavior with mostly bivalent pairing. Abnormalities, including univalents, multivalents, laggards, and bridges, were sometimes observed in A. horridus and A. officinalis. The new cytogenetic information provided in this study is discussed in the biogeographic context of the North African flora.

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Section: Taxonomic and Biogeographical Remarksmentioning

confidence: 88%

Comparative morphological and cytogenetic study of five Asparagus (Asparagaceae) species from Algeria including the endemic A. altissimus Munby

Boubetra¹,

Amirouche²,

Amirouche³

2017

Turk J Bot

Self Cite

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“…The same premise has been proposed in other cacti, e.g., Echinocereus , in which polyploid taxa occupy wider territories and ecological sorting, from medium to high latitudes and elevations relative to the overall distribution of the genus and diploid relatives (Cota and Philbrick 1994, Cota-Sánchez 2008). Also, comparable biogeographic patterns exist for other angiosperm taxa with different cytotypes, e.g., Chamerion (Rafinesque, 1818) Rafinesque ex Holub, 1972 (Husband and Schemske 1998), Chrysolaena H. Robinson, 1988 (Do Pico and Dematteis 2014), and members of the Asparagaceae (Azizi et al 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Variation in chromosome number and breeding systems: implications for diversification in Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae)

Gutiérrez-Flores¹,

Luz²,

León³

et al. 2018

CCG

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Polyploidy, the possession of more than two sets of chromosomes, is a major biological process affecting plant evolution and diversification. In the Cactaceae, genome doubling has also been associated with reproductive isolation, changes in breeding systems, colonization ability, and speciation. Pachycereus pringlei (S. Watson, 1885) Britton & Rose, 1909, is a columnar cactus that has long drawn the attention of ecologists, geneticists, and systematists due to its wide distribution range and remarkable assortment of breeding systems in the Mexican Sonoran Desert and the Baja California Peninsula (BCP). However, several important evolutionary questions, such as the distribution of chromosome numbers and whether the diploid condition is dominant over a potential polyploid condition driving the evolution and diversity in floral morphology and breeding systems in this cactus, are still unclear. In this study, we determined chromosome numbers in 11 localities encompassing virtually the entire geographic range of distribution of P. pringlei. Our data revealed the first diploid (2n = 22) count in this species restricted to the hermaphroditic populations of Catalana (ICA) and Cerralvo (ICE) Islands, whereas the tetraploid (2n = 44) condition is consistently distributed throughout the BCP and mainland Sonora populations distinguished by a non-hermaphroditic breeding system. These results validate a wider distribution of polyploid relative to diploid individuals and a shift in breeding systems coupled with polyploidisation. Considering that the diploid base number and hermaphroditism are the proposed ancestral conditions in Cactaceae, we suggest that ICE and ICA populations represent the relicts of a southern diploid ancestor from which both polyploidy and unisexuality evolved in mainland BCP, facilitating the northward expansion of this species. This cytogeographic distribution in conjunction with differences in floral attributes suggests the distinction of the diploid populations as a new taxonomic entity. We suggest that chromosome doubling in conjunction with allopatric distribution, differences in neutral genetic variation, floral traits, and breeding systems has driven the reproductive isolation, evolution, and diversification of this columnar cactus.

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“…Daqing (Figure 7); the same case occurs in Phu Luang WS, north-eastern Thailand (Phonsena and De Wilde 2010), but unfortunately, the chromosome number of Thai material is unknown. As many polyploid plants are reported to be similar to their diploid parents and hence morphologically cryptic (Tate et al 2005, Reis et al 2014, Azizi et al 2016), there is also tiny difference between diploids and tetraploids of Aspidistra subrotata . The tetraploid plants may be distinguished from the diploid plants by their rigid petioles as well as thick and deep green lamina.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution, karyomorphology, and morphology of Aspidistra subrotata (Asparagaceae) at different ploidy levels in limestone areas of Asia

Chen

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2017

CCG

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Aspidistra subrotata Y. Wan & C.C. Huang, 1987 is considered for the first time as a widespread polyploidy complex in the genus Aspidistra Ker Gawler, 1823 from limestone areas of Asia. The chromosome number of the tetraploid is 2n = 76 and the karyotype is formulated as 2n = 44 m + 8 sm + 24 st, while the chromosome number of the diploid is 2n = 38 and the karyotype formula 2n = 22 m + 4 sm + 12 st. In our studies, diploids occupy broader geographical and environmental niche spaces than tetraploids. Although the leaf-shape of Aspidistra subrotata varies quantitatively between and within diploid and/or tetraploid population(s), no obvious discontinuity in the width of leaf has been observed. The tetraploid plants may be distinguished from the diploid plants by their rigid petioles as well as thick deep green lamina. Aspidistra subrotata is therefore an interesting material to explore the formation and the evolutionary dynamics of a natural polyploid complex from limestone areas of the tropical regions.

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Karyological investigations and new chromosome number reports in Bellevalia Lapeyrouse, 1808 and Muscari Miller, 1758 (Asparagaceae) from Algeria

Cited by 12 publications

References 55 publications

Comparative morphological and cytogenetic study of five Asparagus (Asparagaceae) species from Algeria including the endemic A. altissimus Munby

Comparative morphological and cytogenetic study of five Asparagus (Asparagaceae) species from Algeria including the endemic A. altissimus Munby

Variation in chromosome number and breeding systems: implications for diversification in Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae)

Distribution, karyomorphology, and morphology of Aspidistra subrotata (Asparagaceae) at different ploidy levels in limestone areas of Asia

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