Karyotype and reproduction mode of the rodent parasite <i>Strongyloides venezuelensis</i>

Hino, Akinori; Tanaka, Teruhisa; Takaishi, Maho; Fujii, Yasuhiro; Palomares-Rius, Juan E.; Hasegawa, Koichi; Maruyama, Haruhiko; Kikuchi, Taisei

doi:10.1017/s0031182014001036

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The observation of morphological overlap and cross-transmissibility among these species of S. stercoralis-like parasites (S. procyonis, S. nasua, S. stercoralis of dogs, and S. stercoralis of humans) supports the idea that the common ancestor of the S. stercoralis-like parasites originated in some ancestral Caniformia carnivore, that adapted to infecting humans sometime during the domestication of dogs. This idea was also suggested by Nagayasu et al (2017) on the basis of S. procyonis being the closest extant relative to S. stercoralis, which is also supported by phylogenies constructed from 18S rDNA sequences by Hino et al (2014). Further genetic characterization of the procyoid parasites (S. procyonis, S. nasua) and other currently undescribed Strongyloides of other caniforms, including both true canids and arctoid mammals (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Machine learning-based analyses support the existence of species complexes for Strongyloides fuelleborni and Strongyloides stercoralis

Barratt

Sapp

2020

Parasitology

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Human strongyloidiasis is a serious disease mostly attributable to Strongyloides stercoralis and to a lesser extent Strongyloides fuelleborni, a parasite mainly of non-human primates. The role of animals as reservoirs of human-infecting Strongyloides is ill-defined, and whether dogs are a source of human infection is debated. Published multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) studies attempt to elucidate relationships between Strongyloides genotypes, hosts, and distributions, but typically examine relatively few worms, making it difficult to identify population-level trends. Combining MLST data from multiple studies is often impractical because they examine different combinations of loci, eliminating phylogeny as a means of examining these data collectively unless hundreds of specimens are excluded. A recently-described machine learning approach that facilitates clustering of MLST data may offer a solution, even for datasets that include specimens sequenced at different combinations of loci. By clustering various MLST datasets as one using this procedure, we sought to uncover associations among genotype, geography, and hosts that remained elusive when examining datasets individually. Multiple datasets comprising hundreds of S. stercoralis and S. fuelleborni individuals were combined and clustered. Our results suggest that the commonly proposed ‘two lineage’ population structure of S. stercoralis (where lineage A infects humans and dogs, lineage B only dogs) is an over-simplification. Instead, S. stercoralis seemingly represents a species complex, including two distinct populations over-represented in dogs, and other populations vastly more common in humans. A distinction between African and Asian S. fuelleborni is also supported here, emphasizing the need for further resolving these taxonomic relationships through modern investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Machine learning-based analyses support the existence of species complexes for Strongyloides fuelleborni and Strongyloides stercoralis

Barratt

Sapp

2020

Parasitology

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“…In brief, S . venezuelensis have been maintained in male Wistar rats by serial infection using subcutaneous injection of infective larvae prepared by faecal culture using filter paper 9 . Parasitic females were isolated from rat small intestine at 8 days post-infection (d.p.i).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative transcriptomics gives insights into the evolution of parasitism in Strongyloides nematodes at the genus, subclade and species level

Hunt

Hino

Yoshida

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Strongyloides spp., gastrointestinal nematode parasites of humans and other animals, have genetically identical parasitic and free-living adult life cycle stages. This is an almost unique feature amongst nematodes and comparison of these two stages can provide insights into the genetic basis and evolution of Strongyloides nematode parasitism. Here, we present RNAseq data for S. venezuelensis, a parasite of rodents, and identify genes that are differentially expressed in parasitic and free-living life cycle stages. Comparison of these data with analogous RNAseq data for three other Strongyloides spp., has identified key protein-coding gene families with a putative role in parasitism including WAGO-like Argonautes (at the genus level) and speckle-type POZ-like coding genes (S. venezuelensis-S. papillosus phylogenetic subclade level). Diverse gene families are uniquely upregulated in the parasitic stage of all four Strongyloides species, including a distinct upregulation of genes encoding cytochrome P450 in S. venezuelensis, suggesting some diversification of the molecular tools used in the parasitic life cycle stage among individual species. Together, our results identify key gene families with a putative role in Strongyloides parasitism or features of the parasitic life cycle stage, and deepen our understanding of parasitism evolution among Strongyloides species.

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“…2014; Hunt et al 2016). In one group are S. ratti and the parasite of humans S. stercoralis , and the other S. venezuelensis, S. papillosus and S. fuelleborni (a parasite of humans and other primates).…”

Section: Comparative Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Together this suggests that Strongyloides has independently evolved parasitism of rats twice (Hino et al . 2014; Hunt et al 2016). …”

Section: Comparative Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis – rodent models of Strongyloides infection

Viney

Kikuchi

2016

Parasitology

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SUMMARYStrongyloides spp. are common parasites of vertebrates and two species, S. ratti and S. venezuelensis, parasitize rats; there are no known species that naturally infect mice. Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis overlap in their geographical range and in these regions co-infections appear to be common. These species have been widely used as tractable laboratory systems in rats as well as mice. The core biology of these two species is similar, but there are clear differences in aspects of their within-host biology as well as in their free-living generation. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that S. ratti and S. venezuelensis are the result of two independent evolutionary transitions to parasitism of rats, which therefore presents an ideal opportunity to begin to investigate the basis of host specificity in Strongyloides spp.

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Karyotype and reproduction mode of the rodent parasite Strongyloides venezuelensis

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

Machine learning-based analyses support the existence of species complexes for Strongyloides fuelleborni and Strongyloides stercoralis

Machine learning-based analyses support the existence of species complexes for Strongyloides fuelleborni and Strongyloides stercoralis

Comparative transcriptomics gives insights into the evolution of parasitism in Strongyloides nematodes at the genus, subclade and species level

Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis – rodent models of Strongyloides infection

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