Karyotypic studies on species of <i>Phaseolus</i> (Fabaceae: Phaseolinae)

Mercado-Ruaro, Pedro; Delgado‐Salinas, Alfonso

doi:10.2307/2446547

Cited by 52 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…El tamaño del genoma varía entre 1.5 a 1.98 pg (2C). Esta variación estaría relacionada a cambios en cantidad y posición de heterocromatina y a características ecológicas y climáticas (Castagnaro et al 1990;Mercado-Ruaro & Delgado Salinas 1998;Mercado-Ruaro & Delgado Salinas 2000). Los registros cromosómicos en Camptosema son 2n=22 y 2n=20 (Turner & Irwin 1961;Coleman & Smith 1969;Sede et al 2003;Sede et al en prensa); esta variación numérica se observa principalmente en especies que crecen en el Sur de Sudamérica y, que además poseen caracteres morfológicos relacionados con Galactia y Collaea, dificultando la delimitación genérica.…”

Section: Análisis Filogenético De La Variación Cromosómicaunclassified

Citogenética evolutiva en Leguminosas americanas

2008

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RESUMEN(Citogenética evolutiva en Leguminosas americanas) Se presentan las características cromosómicas descriptas hasta el momento en Leguminosas americanas. A través del análisis de estos datos en conjunto con los morfológicos y las filogenias moleculares se proponen hipótesis acerca de los cambios cromosómicos ocurridos durante el proceso de divergencia y especiación de la familia. Los estudios cromosómicos indican una gran variación intergenérica, inter e intraespecífica, además de una amplia diversificación en el tamaño del genoma entre géneros, especies y poblaciones. A partir del número básico ancestral x=7 se deduce que la especiación híbrida poliploide ha sido muy importante en la diversificación de la familia. Por procesos de disploidía creciente y decreciente, tanto a nivel diploide como poliploide se originarían números básicos secundarios y series poliploides modificadas. En la parafilética subfamilia Caesalpinioideae habría predominado el proceso de disploidia decreciente de n=14 a n=11. En la monofilética subfamilia Mimosoideae, ocurrió un evento principal de evolución del número cromosómico de 14 a 13. Por último en Papilionoideae, la subfamilia más derivada de Leguminosae, se observó reducción del número básico de 14 a 7, pasando por números gaméticos de 11 y 8. Por otro lado, el origen recurrente de los poliploides y la ocurrencia de rearreglos intergenómicos, hibridación y poliploidía secundaria, son procesos que dificultan la agrupación natural de los taxones en algunos grupos de la familia Leguminosae. Palabras clave: Leguminosae, citogenética, poliploidía, evolución cromosómica, hibridación, América. ABSTRACT(Evolutionary cytogenetics in Americans Legumes) Chromosomic features described so far for Americans legumes are reviewed and analyzed, simultaneously with morphological and molecular characters. This is an invaluable opportunity to propose hypotheses about chromosome changes during the family divergence and speciation processes. The chromosome studies showed wide inter-generic, inter and intra-specific variability, as well as marked differences in genome sizes between genera, species and populations. By postulating an ancestral basic number of seven (x=7) it is possible to deduce that polyploid hybrid speciation was very important in the diversification of the family as a whole. Due to increasing and decreasing diploidy processes, secondary basic numbers and modified polyploids series could have arised both at diploid and polyploid levels. On the other hand, recurrent origin of polyploids, occurrence of inter-genomic rearrangements, hybridization and secondary polyploidy are all processes that make it difficult to group the taxa within the Leguminosae family in a natural sequence.

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Section: Análisis Filogenético De La Variación Cromosómicaunclassified

Citogenética evolutiva en Leguminosas americanas

2008

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“…Clade A comprises only wild species, including Phaseolus microcarpus, while clade B comprises wild and cultivated forms, as P. leptostachyus, P. lunatus, and P. vulgaris. Most Phaseolus species have 2n = 22 chromosomes, except for P. leptostachyus, P. micranthus, and P. macvaughii, which form the Leptostachyus group and show a reduction to 2n = 20 (Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas 1998;Delgado-Salinas et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary dynamics of satellite DNA repeats from Phaseolus beans

et al. 2016

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) subtelomeres are highly enriched for khipu, the main satellite DNA identified so far in this genome. Here, we comparatively investigate khipu genomic organization in Phaseolus species from different clades. Additionally, we identified and characterized another satellite repeat, named jumper, associated to khipu. A mixture of P. vulgaris khipu clones hybridized in situ confirmed the presence of khipu-like sequences on subterminal chromosome regions in all Phaseolus species, with differences in the number and intensity of signals between species and when species-specific clones were used. Khipu is present as multimers of ∼500 bp and sequence analyses of cloned fragments revealed close relationship among khipu repeats. The new repeat, named jumper, is a 170-bp satellite sequence present in all Phaseolus species and inserted into the nontranscribed spacer (NTS) of the 5S rDNA in the P. vulgaris genome. Nevertheless, jumper was found as a high-copy repeat at subtelomeres and/or pericentromeres in the Phaseolus microcarpus lineage only. Our data argue for khipu as an important subtelomeric satellite DNA in the genus and for a complex satellite repeat composition of P. microcarpus subtelomeres, which also contain jumper. Furthermore, the differential amplification of these repeats in subtelomeres or pericentromeres reinforces the presence of a dynamic satellite DNA library in Phaseolus.

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“…The chromosome number in this genus was first reported in 1925 when Karpetschenko (1925) showed it to be 2n = 22 for some species, including Phaseolus vulgaris L., which is one of the most important species of the genus (Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas, 2000;Bonifácio et al, 2012). Initial work aimed to establish the basic chromosome number, which is x = 11 (Lackey, 1979;Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas, 1998). Karyotype analysis to differentiate species within Phaseolus revealed variations within the genus, and there are reports of species with x = 10 (Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas, 1998, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial work aimed to establish the basic chromosome number, which is x = 11 (Lackey, 1979;Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas, 1998). Karyotype analysis to differentiate species within Phaseolus revealed variations within the genus, and there are reports of species with x = 10 (Mercado-Ruaro and Delgado-Salinas, 1998, 2009. Chromosomes are small (about 2 mm) and have similar morphologies (Fonsêca et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of mitotic and meiotic irregularities in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT. The common bean has great social and economic importance in Brazil and is the subject of a high number of publications, especially in the fields of genetics and breeding. Breeding programs aim to increase grain yield; however, mitosis and meiosis represent under explored research areas that have a direct impact on grain yield. Therefore, the study of cell division could be another tool available to bean geneticists and breeders. The aim of this study was to investigate irregularities occurring during the cell cycle and meiosis in common bean. The common bean cultivar used was BRSMG Talismã, which owing to its high yield and grain quality is recommended for cultivation in Brazil. We classified the interphase nuclei, estimated the mitotic and meiotic index, grain pollen viability, and percentage of abnormalities in both processes. The mitotic index was 4.1%, the interphase nucleus was non-reticulated, and 19% of dividing somatic cells showed abnormal behavior. Meiosis also presented irregularities resulting in a meiotic index of 44.6%. Viability of pollen grains was 94.3%. These results indicate that the common bean cultivar BRSMG Talismã possesses repair mechanisms that compensate for changes by producing a large number of pollen grains. Another important strategy adopted by bean plants to ensure stability is the elimination of abnormal cells by apoptosis. As the common bean cultivar BRSMG Talismã is recommended for cultivation because of its good agronomic performance, it can be concluded that mitotic and meiotic irregularities have no negative influence on its grain quality and yield.

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Karyotypic studies on species of Phaseolus (Fabaceae: Phaseolinae)

Cited by 52 publications

References 21 publications

Citogenética evolutiva en Leguminosas americanas

Citogenética evolutiva en Leguminosas americanas

Evolutionary dynamics of satellite DNA repeats from Phaseolus beans

Implications of mitotic and meiotic irregularities in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

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