Katz Frailty Syndrom has no Predictive Value in Low-Risk Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Abstract

Background: Aortic stenosis is a disease of the elderly people, with multiple comorbidities and often with the frailty syndrome. Therefore, we decided that frailty as a clinical factor requires precise characterization as it is a valuable supplement to the risk stratification in transcatheter aortic Valve implantation (TAVI). Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the Katz frailty scale in patients undergoing TAVI in relation to the risk of mortality assessed with the STS scale. Material and methods: The study included 105 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) treated with TAVI at the Department of Invasive Cardiology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior. In our group, the Katz frailty syndrome confirmed in all patients, and 48% in the advanced stage. Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between survival and Katz frailty score before TAVI. Analysis using Cox's model confirmed a significant prognostic value for the Katz frailty syndrome before TAVI. Patients with moderate to severe frailty on the Katz score (values ≤ 4) had a 13,68 times higher risk of death per year compared to the group with Katz frailty syndrome ≥ 5. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that Katz frailty score and STS score were prognostically significant factors of cardiovascular death in patients undergoing TAVI. Conclusion: The Katz frailty score had a significant prognostic value in the high- and intermediate risk patients. Katz frailty score and STS risk score significantly correlated with the risk of death from cardiovascular causes in frailty patients undergoing TAVI.