Kawasaki disease and MIS-C share a host immune response

Tsoukas, Paul; Yeung, Rae S. M.

doi:10.1038/s41584-022-00820-5

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A recent study using artificial intelligence to compare the gene expression signatures of KD and MIS-C suggested that the profiles of host immune responses in KD and MIS-C patients are similar [ 14 ]. It is hypothesized that KD and MIS-C are not different diseases but have overlapping features reflecting different parts of the disease spectrum [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case With Typical Clinical Manifestations of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Kuniyoshi,

Murata,

Tokutake

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Whether Kawasaki disease (KD) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection are two distinct syndromes or part of the same spectrum is not fully understood. In this report, we present the case of a five-year-old boy who fully satisfied the diagnostic criteria for both KD and MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. He tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on an oropharyngeal swab antigen test approximately four weeks before the onset of symptoms. He had severe abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasound showed ascites. He improved with initial (2 g/kg) and additional (1 g/kg) intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and intravenous methylprednisolone (initial dose, 2 mg/kg/day). Our case may lead to clarification of the pathogenesis of both diseases. Additionally, the recent history of SARS-CoV-2 infection for children with prolonged fever and no clear focus of infection should be checked, and, if present, clinicians should consider MIS-C temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. IVIG therapy is important for children with MIS-C who meet the diagnostic criteria for KD, even if diagnosed with MIS-C.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case With Typical Clinical Manifestations of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Kuniyoshi,

Murata,

Tokutake

et al. 2024

Cureus

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“…Most patients with MIS-C show KD-related features, gastrointestinal problems, and hypotension, as did our two patients in this study. The presence of KD-related features in patients with MIS-C has received clinical attention, but the extent of organ dysfunction in patients with MIS-C is of greater importance as it directly affects the disease course and outcome [ 4 , 13 ]. In children and in adults, MIS can occur as a serious post-infectious complication of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: case reports and literature review

Lee

Kim

et al. 2023

J Rheum Dis

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a serious post-infectious complication of COVID-19 characterized by hyperinflammation and multi-organ dysfunction including shock. Shock is also seen in a severe form of Kawasaki disease (KD) called KD shock syndrome (KDSS). Here, we present one MIS-C and one KDSS case and compare similarities and differences between them. Both MIS-C (case 1) and KDSS (case 2) showed hyperinflammation, KD-related features, gastrointestinal problems, hypotension, and coagulopathy. The extent of systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction was more severe in KDSS than in MIS-C. Case 1 was diagnosed as MIS-C because SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed, and case 2 was diagnosed as KDSS because no pathogen was identified in microbiological studies. We believe that the most important difference between MIS-C and KDSS was whether SARS-CoV-2 was identified as an infectious trigger. Organ dysfunction is a hallmark of MIS-C and KDSS, but not KD, so MIS-C shares more clinical phenotypes with KDSS than with KD. Comparison of MIS-C and KDSS will be an interesting and important topic in the field of KD-like hyperinflammatory disease research.

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“…In the future, we hope to find more extensive and accurate gene features in existing studies (related to cytokines, cellular immunophenotypes, antibodies, gene susceptibility, etc. ), use artificial intelligence algorithms to define and layer diseases from clinical or laboratory parameters, and identify the phenotypes and complications of disease spectrum, including cardiogenic shock (such as MIS-C shock and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome), MAS (cytopenia and coagulation dysfunction related to cytokine storm caused by infection), Kawasaki disease (typical and complete Kawasaki disease phenotype, caused by SARS -CoV-2 or other infectious factors), and provide evidence for the formulation of treatment strategies [10]. In the future, the amount of research data should be further expanded in clinical practice, and the special method of artificial intelligence should be used to diagnose, differential diagnosis and treatment of the above diseases to serve the clinical.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Co-Host Immune Response to Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Kawasaki Disease in Children with AI-Guided Features

Zhong

Sun

et al. 2023

IJTDH

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Purpose: To explore the role of artificial intelligence in the immune response mechanism of children with multi-system inflammatory syndrome and Kawasaki disease. Methods: To search the domestic and foreign literatures about the immune response mechanism of these two diseases, and analyze the literatures according to the characteristics of artificial intelligence. Results: AI analysis showed that the two kinds of children's syndrome were concentrated in the cytokine storm centered on il-15/IL15RA, which confirmed that the two diseases had the same initial immune pathway, but the differences in immune phenotype, cytokine, cell count and other aspects suggested that KD and MIS-C were two different diseases. Conclusion: It shows the applicability of AI in this research direction, and points out the limitations of the current research scope and samples. The difference between the results of KD and MIS-C research guides the direction of future research. Accurate and comprehensive laboratory indicators and parameters can be applied to artificial intelligence and provide basis for diagnosis and treatment of diseases. As the number of infected people increases, the problem of sample limitation in the current work can also be improved.

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Kawasaki disease and MIS-C share a host immune response

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A Case With Typical Clinical Manifestations of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

A Case With Typical Clinical Manifestations of Kawasaki Disease and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Comparison of COVID-19-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: case reports and literature review

Advances in the Co-Host Immune Response to Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome and Kawasaki Disease in Children with AI-Guided Features

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