Kawasaki disease in Australia, 1993-95

Royle, Jenny; Williams, Katrina; Elliott, Elizabeth J; Sholler, Gary F.; Nolan, Terry; Allen, Roger C.; Isaacs, David

doi:10.1136/adc.78.1.33

Cited by 76 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…18 A previous Australian KD epidemiology study reported 2 Aboriginal children of a total of 139 KD patients identified by enhanced surveillance. 9 The overall rate of CA involvement was relatively high (23.4%), partly reflecting the pre-IVIG era during the first decade of study. 1 Boys were more likely to have CA involvement, a finding reported in other populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The current incidence of KD is almost threefold higher than the previously reported incidence, which was derived from enhanced national surveillance almost 20 years ago. 9 Extrapolating these findings to the Australian population suggests there are approximately 170 to 180 KD cases admitted nationally each year. The number of KD cases that are not diagnosed is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…7 The first Australian case was reported in 1976. 8 The only published incidence, derived from enhanced national surveillance from 1993 through 1995, was 3.7 per 100 000 children ,5 years of age, 9 one of the lowest reported worldwide, but anecdotally an underestimate of the true disease burden. We used the unique total population linked data resources available in Western Australia (WA) to define the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of KD over a 30-year period.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Kawasaki Disease in Australia

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVES: The current Australian epidemiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) is poorly defined. Previous enhanced surveillance (1993–1995) estimated an incidence of 3.7/100 000 <5 years. METHODS: We identified all patients hospitalized in Western Australia (current population ∼2.4 million) 1979 through 2009 with a discharge diagnosis of KD. We reviewed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic data from individual patient files and derived age-specific population estimates. KD diagnosis was made using standard criteria. RESULTS: There were 353 KD cases, with incomplete KD in 34 (9.6%). Male to female ratio was 1.7:1 and median age was 3.8 years (interquartile range 12–60 months). Fifty (18.1%) patients were Asian. Mean annual incidence increased from 2.82 per 100 000 children aged <5 years (95% confidence interval, 1.93–3.99) in 1980 to 1989, to 7.96 (6.48–9.67) in 1990 to 1999, to 9.34 (7.72–11.20) in 2000 to 2009. The highest incidence was 15.7 in 2005. A total of 293 children (83%) received intravenous immunoglobulin and 331 (95.4%) aspirin. Of 282 children who completed echocardiographic studies, 47 (16.7%) had coronary artery (CA) ectasia/dilatation and 19 (6.8%) had CA aneurysms; male gender was significantly associated with CA abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: KD epidemiology in Western Australia mirrors that of other industrialized, predominantly European-Caucasian populations. The rising incidence likely reflects both improved ascertainment and a real increase in disease burden. The current Australian incidence is threefold higher than previously reported and similar to the United Kingdom. The CA outcomes, which include the pre-intravenous immunoglobulin era, are comparable to those reported elsewhere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Kawasaki Disease in Australia

et al. 2014

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“…10 Australia had annual incidences of 3.7 per 100 000 from 1993 to 1995, and Sweden had 6.2 from 1990 to 1992. 11,12 Why the incidence rates vary among countries remains unclear, but the difference possibly is related to a combination of factors, including race/ethnicity, environmental factors, and possible circulating infectious pathogens.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Features of Kawasaki Disease in Taiwan, 1996–2002

Chang

et al. 2004

Pediatrics

105

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common acquired heart disease in children worldwide. The incidence of KD varies among different countries, with Asian countries supposedly having higher incidences than Western countries. However, the incidence of KD in Taiwan has not been well investigated.Methods. Since the implementation of Taiwan's National Health Insurance (NHI) in 1995, NHI has covered health care for >96% its population. Using the NHI database from 1996 to 2002, we investigated epidemiologic features of KD (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 446.1), the rate of coronary artery aneurysm formation (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 414.11), and the change in incidence during the recent 7 years. We also compared the annual incidences in Taiwan with those reported by other countries.Results. During the 7-year study period, KD occurred most frequently in the summer and least frequently in winter. It is interesting that the highest peak occurred in the summer of 1998 at the same time that Taiwan's enterovirus 71 epidemic was occurring. Ninety-one percent of KD cases occurred in children who were <5 years old, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.70:1. Recurrence of KD was found in 1.3% (94 of 7305) of these children, and coronary artery aneurysm was found in 7.3% (536 of 7305). The annual incidence per 100 000 children was 146 in children <1 year old, 98 in 1-year-old children, 51 in 2-year-old children, 28 in 3-year-old children, 19 in 4-year-old children, and 5.3 in 5-to 9-year-old children; the incidence of KD decreased with increased age. The overall incidence was 66 cases per 100 000 children <5 years old from 1996 to 2002 with the annual incidence not differing significantly during the 7-year study period.Conclusions. KD in Taiwan occurs more frequently in boys and in the summer months. During the 7-year study period, the annual KD incidence in Taiwan of 66/100000 in children <5 years old was the second highest in the world after Japan. Kawasaki,1 it is now the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in the developed world. Although usually self-limiting, KD is associated with a range of complications, the most important being the development of life-threatening coronary artery abnormalities.Reported incidences of KD in different countries vary widely. For example, Japan has the highest annual incidence in the world. It reported 100 to 110 KD cases per 100 000 children Ͻ5 years old between 1995 and 1998 but with ϳ200 cases per 100 000 in times of epidemic. [2][3][4][5] Beijing reported annual citywide incidence of 18.2 to 30.6 per 100 000 from 1995 to 1999, 6 and Hong Kong reported an annual incidence of 25.4 per 100 000 from 1989 to 1994 and 32 from 1994 to 2000. 7,8 Among the annual incidences reported for Western countries, the United States reported 17.6 and 17.1 cases per 100 000 children Ͻ5 years old in 1997 and 2000, respectively, 9 and from 1996 to 1999, the United Kingdom reported 5.5 per 100 000 childre...

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“…По международным данным, заболеваемость колеб-лется в пределах 3,4-100 на 100 тыс. [7,9,11,13]. Болезни наиболее подвержены дети до 5 лет с пиком заболеваемости в возрасте 9-11 мес.…”

Section: семинар памяти профессора на белоконьunclassified