Kawasaki disease in Ghana: Case reports from Korle Bu Teaching Hospital

Badoe, Ëben; Neequaye, Janet; Oliver-Commey, J.O.; Amoah, Joe; Osafo, A.; Aryee, I; Nyarko, Mame Yaa

doi:10.4314/gmj.v45i1.68922

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…KD is generally a disease of the young, with 80% of cases occurring in children less than 5 years 4 . Unlike Sotimehin et al in Nigeria and Badoe et al in Ghana who reported KD in 3 and 4 year old children respectively 8,9 , our patient presented at an unusual age of 14years. A few other reports across the world have also reported KD among atypical age group 10,11 .…”

Section: Enlarged Cervical Lymph Nodescontrasting

confidence: 77%

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Kawasaki disease: An unusual presentation in a 14-year old boy in Sokoto, north western Nigeria

Sani¹,

Ahmed²

2013

Nig. J. Paed.

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Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that mostly affects children less than 5years. Occasionally, it may presents with renal involvement of varying severity. In Nigeria and most of Africa, only a few cases of KD have been reported and these were among children within the typical age group. We report an unusual case of Kawasaki disease with renal manifestation in a 14 year old adolescent. Apart from the principal features of KD comprising of high grade fever, non purulent conjunctivitis, polymorphous rash, right sided cervical lymphadenitis and symmetrical desquamative lesions of the digits of the hands and feet; our patient also had renal involvement. The renal manifestations included mild periorbital edema, oliguria, hypertension (140/90mmHg), hematuria(++), proteinuria(++) and elevated serum urea and creatinine (8.3mmol/L and 1.9mg/dl respectively). He was managed with high dose aspirin at 80mg/kg/day. The dose was reduced (5mg/Kg/day) and subsequently stopped after serial echocardiography showed normal coronary arteries. Intravenous immune globuline (IVIG) could not be started due to non availability. Nevertheless, clinical signs resolved, renal function normalised after 6 weeks and echocardiographic picture did not deteriorate. Patient is currently on follow up at the paediatric cardiology clinic of UDUTH, Sokoto, Nigeria.. Conclusion: Kawasaki disease can occur even in older children and renal manifestation may be self limiting. This report highlights the need for high index of suspicion in all cases.

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Section: Enlarged Cervical Lymph Nodescontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…Renal involvement is rare, but has been reported [5][6][7] . It can manifests with proteinuria, hematuria or even frank renal failure 1, 5-7. There are only few reports of KD in Africa including Nigeria and almost all were among children within the typical age group 8,9 . Occurrence in adult and older pediatric age group is rare 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kawasaki disease: An unusual presentation in a 14-year old boy in Sokoto, north western Nigeria

Sani¹,

Ahmed²

2013

Nig. J. Paed.

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“…Both cases described above presented to us after a prolonged duration of fever and failure to respond to antimalarials and antibiotics. This is a common presentation also described in case reports from Ghana [ 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…In Africa, two cases were reported in South Africa in Caucasian children in 1980 but the first case in an African child was reported in Ivory Coast in 1981. Despite of sporadic cases being reported across many countries in Africa, mainly North Africa and the West African region, the epidemiological data for KD is limited for African countries [ 3 – 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Noorani

Lakhani

2018

BMC Pediatr

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BackgroundKawasaki disease is a common childhood vasculitis which may result in cardiovascular morbidity if not adequately treated. Its epidemiology in the African region is not well described. Its features may mimic other childhood infections and hemoglobinopathies and it is rarely diagnosed in the East African region. These are the first reports of this disease from Tanzania.Case presentationWe present two cases of complete Kawasaki disease seen over a 2 year period and diagnosed as per the criteria defined by the American Heart Association. One child was and infant and the other a 3 year old. Both of them presented with a prolonged fever and mucocutaneous findings. None of the children developed coronary artery aneurysms. One was treated with aspirin alone and the other with both aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin. Both children had complete recovery and did not have any cardiovascular sequelae.ConclusionKawasaki disease may be more common in the East African region than previously thought. It should be considered as a differential diagnosis in children who present with a prolonged fever of greater than 5 days and mucocutaneous findings. More awareness about this condition, its epidemiology, diagnosis and management are required in order to prevent the cardiovascular morbidity associated with it.

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“…Also, Agha et al reported two cases with incomplete KD in children < 5 years old complicated with coronary aneurysm [35]. The data for KD incidence are lacking in sub-Saharan Africa, however several sporadic cases have been reported across many countries in the region [36]. These findings raise the possibility that KD is not that uncommon in the Middle East and sub-Saharan Africa as previously thought, and increased awareness and diagnosis may reveal the true incidence of KD.…”

Section: Kd In the Middle East And Sub-saharan Africamentioning

confidence: 95%

Kawasaki Disease: Global Burden and Genetic Background

et al. 2020

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Kawasaki disease (KD) is a childhood vasculitides associated with serious coronary artery lesions. It is the most common cause of pediatric acquired heart disease in developed countries, and is increasingly reported from many rapidly industrializing developing countries. The incidence varies widely among different nations and is highest in North-East Asian countries, where almost 1 in 100 children in Japan having the disease by age of 5, where the lowest incidence reported in sub-Saharan Africa. The etiology of KD is still uncertain; interaction between a genetic predisposition and several environmental and immunological factors has been hypothesized. Several susceptibility genes were identified to be associated with the development of KD and increased risk of coronary artery lesions. Gene-gene associations and alteration of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation are also found to play key roles in the pathogenesis and prognosis of KD. This article will focus on the global epidemiological patterns of KD, and the currently known genetic predisposition. Global EpidemiologyKD has been documented in more than 60 countries and cross all ethnicities [4,17] (Fig. 1, [2]). The incidence of KD is in-

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Kawasaki disease in Ghana: Case reports from Korle Bu Teaching Hospital

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Kawasaki disease: An unusual presentation in a 14-year old boy in Sokoto, north western Nigeria

Kawasaki disease: An unusual presentation in a 14-year old boy in Sokoto, north western Nigeria

Kawasaki disease: two case reports from the Aga Khan Hospital, Dar es Salaam-Tanzania

Kawasaki Disease: Global Burden and Genetic Background

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