Kebijakan Harga Output dan Input untuk Meningkatkan Produksi Jagung

Abstract

Demand for corn keeps increasing to meet various needs, such as raw materials for feed industry, food industry, and direct consumption. It needs policy support in order to expand national corn production. This study aimed to determine effects of changes in output and input prices on output supply of and input demand for corn. Results showed that: (1) during the period 1985-2009, the price of corn in East Java and West Java tended to increase along with prices of seed, fertilizer and labor also increases, (2) supply of corn in the provinces of East Java and West Java were elastic to own price, while changes in prices of seeds, urea, TSP, and labor were inelastic, (3) increased prices of fertilizers did not affect supply of corn, but it was negatively affected by an increase in seed price, (4) if the government simultaneously increased the prices of corn, fertilizers, and corn seed, the supply of corn in both provinces would keep enhancing. It implies that corn supply enhancement could be implemented through increasing the price of this commodity.

Tingkat Adopsi Teknologi Budi Daya Jagung Hibrida Pada Agroekosistem Lahan Kering

“…Kajian kebijakan harga output dan input dalam upaya meningkatkan produksi jagung talah dilakukan oleh Agustian et al (2012) dengan beberapa temuan berikut: (1) selama kurun waktu 1985-2009 harga jagung di Jawa Timur dan Jawa Barat cenderung meningkat, dan seiring dengan itu harga input seperti benih, pupuk, dan tenaga kerja juga meningkat; (2) penawaran jagung di Jawa Timur dan Jawa Barat elastis terhadap perubahan harga sendiri, sedangkan terhadap perubahan harga benih, urea, TSP/SP-36, dan upah tenaga kerja inelastis; (3) peningkatan harga pupuk tidak mempengaruhi penawaran jagung, sedangkan peningkatan harga benih berpengaruh negatif; dan (4) jika terjadi kombinasi kebijakan peningkatan harga jagung, harga pupuk, dan harga benih maka penawaran jagung meningkat di kedua provinsi tersebut. Implikasi penting adalah masih pentingnya kebijakan subsidi benih unggul jagung, agar efektif maka pemberian bantuan benih langsung benih unggul harus tepat.…”