Keeping arsenic out of rice

Beans, Carolyn

doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As the levels of pollution with highly reactive metals in our environment increases and associated negative health outcomes are observed, developing such tests is a pressing issue with great economic impact for lowering the burden of disease and living healthily, the bioeconomy, the sustainability of the biosphere and human civilization. Prominent recent examples of pollution and the consequences for health being realized more widely are the contamination of rice with arsenic and the presence of lead in the atmosphere of large cities [76,77].…”

Section: Biometal Ions In the Applied Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Appraisal of the Field of Metallomics and the Roles of Metal Ions in Biochemistry and Cell Signaling

Maret

2021

Applied Sciences

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Humans require about 20 chemical elements. Half of them are essential metal ions. Many additional, non-essential metal ions are present in our bodies through environmental exposures, including in our diet, with functional consequences. Their accumulation is accelerated due to the increasing pollution of soil, air, water and manufacturing processes that employ chemical elements to which we have not been exposed in our evolutionary history. Yet other metal ions are essential for other forms of life, which calls on life scientists to consider the interactions of life processes with most of the chemical elements in the periodic table. Only in this century have attempts been made to integrate specialty disciplines into a science of bioelements called metallomics. Metallomics forms a fifth group when added to the traditional four building blocks of living cells and their areas of investigations, i.e., sugars (glycomics), fats (lipidomics), proteins (proteomics) and nucleic acids (genomics). Neither an understanding of all the essential metals and their interactions nor the functional impacts of the non-essential metals for life, except established toxic elements such as lead, are widely perceived as important in the basic science communities and in the applied sciences such as medicine and engineering. It is a remarkable oversight that this article attempts to address with representative examples.

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Section: Biometal Ions In the Applied Sciencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Appraisal of the Field of Metallomics and the Roles of Metal Ions in Biochemistry and Cell Signaling

Maret

2021

Applied Sciences

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“…Soil is the ultimate defence of food security, producing nearly 95% of our food directly or indirectly (FAO, 2015). However, the health of global soil is threatened by a variety of pressing factors, including loss of soil nutrients (Lal, 2009), diminishing soil organic carbon (Smith, 2008), pollution (Beans, 2021), salinization (Singh, 2022), erosion (Borrelli et al, 2020; Starke et al, 2020) and decline in biodiversity (Guerra et al, 2021; Hou, 2022a). This has in turn resulted in both insufficient food production and food of poor nutritional quality, thus jeopardizing human health (Gashu et al, 2021; Oliver & Gregory, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable soil management for food security

Hou

2023

Soil Use and Management

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“…The arsenic (As) biogeochemical cycle in rice paddy fields has attracted much attention because rice has been identified as a major source of human As exposure. − An important component of the As cycle is microbial As methylation, which is catalyzed by S -adenosylmethionine methyltransferase (ArsM in prokaryotes) that can transform arsenite (As(III)) first to mono-, then di-, and tri-methylated species . In rice grains, the dominant As species are inorganic As (iAs) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs(V)) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Methylated Arsenic and Microbial Arsenic Methylation Genes in Paddy Soils of the Mekong Delta

Qiao

Liu

Palomo

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microbially mediated inorganic-methylated arsenic (As) transformation in paddy soil is crucial to rice safety; however, the linkages between the microbial As methylation process and methylated As species remain elusive. Here, 62 paddy soils were collected from the Mekong River delta of Cambodia to profile As-related functional gene composition involved in the As cycle. The soil As concentration ranged from <1 to 16.6 mg kg–1, with average As contents of approximately 81% as methylated As and 54% as monomethylarsenate (MMAs(V)) in the phosphate- and oxalate-extractable fractions based on As sequential extraction analysis. Quantitative PCR revealed high arsenite-methylating gene (arsM) copy numbers, and metagenomics identified consistently high arsM gene abundance. The abundance of As-related genes was the highest in bacteria, followed by archaea and fungi. Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Burkholderia, and Anaeromyxobacter were identified as bacteria harboring the most genes related to As biotransformation. Moreover, arsM and arsI (As demethylation) gene-containing operons were identified in the metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), implying that arsM and arsI could be transcribed together. The prevalence of methylated As and arsM genes may have been overlooked in tropical paddy fields. The As methylation–demethylation cycle should be considered when manipulating the methylated As pool in paddy fields for rice safety.

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Keeping arsenic out of rice

Abstract: Working as a postdoc in Cambodia in 2011, soil biogeochemist Angelia Seyfferth wondered whether the towering mounds of husks piling up outside rice mills could help mitigate arsenic contamination in rice. Image credit: Angelia Seyfferth.

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

An Appraisal of the Field of Metallomics and the Roles of Metal Ions in Biochemistry and Cell Signaling

An Appraisal of the Field of Metallomics and the Roles of Metal Ions in Biochemistry and Cell Signaling

Sustainable soil management for food security

Prevalence of Methylated Arsenic and Microbial Arsenic Methylation Genes in Paddy Soils of the Mekong Delta

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