Kekayaan Spesies Kelelawar Ordo Chiroptera Di Gua Wilayah Selatan Pulau Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

The research was conducted in order to determine the species richness in the cave region of southern island of Lombok. The study was conducted through a survey technique at 5 caves located in the southern region of the island of Lombok the Cave Gale-Gale, Buwun Cave, Cave Kenculit, Raksasa Cave and Cave Pantai Surga. The survey was conducted from March to May 2014. Sampling bat for identification as done by using the mist nets. Bats were caught identified further in the Laboratory of Biological Science, University of Mataram. The results show that has found 6 Family with 12 species. Based on identification of 12 species were found in the caves of the area south of the island of Lombok, there are 9 species ever discovered by Kitchener (2002) LATAR BELAKANGKelelawar merupakan salah satu ordo dari kelas mamalia yang memiliki kemampuan berpindah dengan menggunakan sayap (terbang). Secara umum, kelelawar yang tergolong ke dalam Ordo Chiroptera dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam 2 Sub ordo yaitu Sub ordo Megachiroptera (Pemakan buah-buahan) dan sub ordo Microchiroptera (Pemakan serangga) (Suyanto, 2001). Kelelawar yang ada di Indonesia diperkirakan mencapai 230 spesies atau 21% dari spesies kelelawar yang ada di dunia. Spesies tersebut diantaranya 77 spesies dikelompokkan ke dalam sub ordo Megachiroptera sedangkan 153 spesies dikelompokkan ke dalam sub ordo Microchiroptera (Suyanto, 2001).Suyanto (2001) menyebutkan bahwa 20% kelelawar sub ordo Megachiroptera dan lebih dari 50% kelelawar sub ordo Microchiroptera memilih tempat bertengger di dalam gua. Keberadaan kelelawar di dalam gua, menurut Wijayanti (2011) dapat berperan sebagai kunci penyedia energi ekosistem (key factor in cycle energy) bagi organisme yang ada di dalam gua.Oleh sebab itu, apabila ekosistem gua tidak dikelola dengan baik, dapat mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem, baik ekosistem yang ada di dalam gua maupun ekosistem yang ada di luar gua.Beberapa hasil penelitian menginformasikanbahwa Pulau Lombok merupakan salah satu pulau yang memiliki keanekaragaman spesies kelelawar cukup tinggi.

Diversity of Fruit Bats (Pteropodidae) in Nature Tourism Park, Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara

“…Based on IUCN Red List records, Eonycteris spelaea was reported with Least Concern (LC) status [15], but its presence on Lombok Island is very high. E. spelaea has been reported to exist in Tanjung Ringgit Cave, Bangkang Gale-gale Cave, and Buwun Cave [16].…”

Molecular detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from bat caves on Lombok Island

“…It is estimated that there are 230 bat species in Indonesia or around 21% of the bat species in the world ( Fajri et al ., 2014 ). Of these species, 77 species are grouped into the Megachiroptera suborder while 153 species are grouped into the Microchiroptera suborder ( Fajri et al ., 2014 ; Allocati et al ., 2016 ). Lombok Island is an island that has quite a high diversity of bat species ( Fajri et al ., 2014 ).…”

“…Of these species, 77 species are grouped into the Megachiroptera suborder while 153 species are grouped into the Microchiroptera suborder ( Fajri et al ., 2014 ; Allocati et al ., 2016 ). Lombok Island is an island that has quite a high diversity of bat species ( Fajri et al ., 2014 ). Bats are natural reservoir hosts and a source of infection for several microorganisms and have the potential to become vectors for the spread of zoonotic diseases (Letko et al ., 2020).…”

“…Caves are well-known roosting places for several types of bats; however, they have also been found in residential areas ( Maulany et al ., 2019 ). Based on a research survey conducted by Fajri et al . (2014) , there is a cave in Lombok that has various bat species, namely the Tanjung Ringgit Giant Cave.…”