Kelimpahan Mikroplastik pada berbagai ukuran Kerang Hijau (Perna viridis) dan Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) yang didaratkan di TPI Bungo, Demak dan TPI Kedungmalang, Jepara, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kelimpahan mikroplastik pada kerang hijau dan kerang darah meliputi jumlah, bentuk, warna serta hubungan ukuran cangkang kerang terhadap jumlah mikroplastik pada kerang yang didaratkan di TPI Bungo, Demak dan TPI Kedungmalang, Jepara. Sampel diambil pada tanggal 6 Februari 2021. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemisahan jaringan lunak kerang dengan cangkangnya, 2 – 7 gram jaringan lunak kerang dilarutkan dalam 100 ml KOH 10% dan didiamkan selama 24 jam (untuk menghancurkan bahan organik). Selanjutnya larutan ZnCl2 30% sebanyak 10 ml ditambahkan pada jaringan lunak dan didiamkan selama 24 jam untuk memisahkan natan dan supernatan, kemudian di saring dengan kertas whatman no 42 menggunakan vacum pump dan diamati menggunakan mikroskop pada perbesaran 100X. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua sampel kerang darah dan kerang hijau telah terkontaminasi mikroplastik. Kerang darah dan kerang hijau yang berasal dari TPI Kedungmalang ditemukan mikroplastik masing-masing sebanyak 11,2 partikel/ind dan 7,6 partikel/ind sedangkan di TPI Bungo ditemukan mikroplastik masing-masing sebanyak 3,8 partikel/ind dan 13,9 partikel/ind. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa kerang darah dan kerang hijau yang didaratkan di TPI Bungo, Demak dan TPI Kedungmalang, Jepara pada waktu penelitian sudah terkontaminasi mikroplastik dan terdapat perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ukuran cangkang yeng berbeda. This study aims to examine the microplastics abundance in shellfish including the number, shape, color and the relationship between shell size and the amount of microplastic in green mussels and blood clams landed at TPI Bungo, Demak and TPI Kedungmalang, Jepara. Clams sampling was carried out on February 6, 2021. In this study, the shells were separated, then 100 ml of 10% KOH solution was added and allowed to stand for 24 hours (to destroy organic matter), then added 30% ZnCl2 solution as much as 10 ml and allowed to stand for 24 hours to separate the natant and supernatant, then filtered with whatman paper no 42 using a vacuum pump and observed using a microscope. The results showed that all samples of blood mussel and green mussels were contaminated with microplastics. Blood mussel and green mussels from TPI Kedungmalang found 11.2 particles/ind and 7.6 particles/ind respectively, while at Bungo TPI found microplastics with 3.8 particles/ind and 13.9 particles respectively. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that blood mussel and green mussels landed at Bungo TPI, Demak and Kedungmalang TPI, Jepara at the time of the study were contaminated with microplastics and there were differences in the abundance of microplastics at different shell sizes.

Abundance Analysis of Microplastics and Community Consumption In Batik Mussels (Paphia undulate) in Water Regions (Study in Banyuurip Village, Ujung Pangkah District, Gresik Regency)

“…This is because small mussels absorb more food than larger mussels. Similar to the filtration rate of mussels against microplastics, small mussels tend to contain more microplastic particles than large mussels [12].…”

“…Fragmented microplastics also come from bottle caps, buckets, and pipes [12]. Filaments have a transparent sheet-like shape that comes from the same plastic waste as fragments, such as plastic bottles, bags, and disposable plastic cups that have degraded in water [13].…”

“…The difference in color is thought to be caused by the origin of the color of the waste or the synthetic material itself, the result of anthropogenic activities, and degradation by continuous sunlight [15]. Blue and red colors can originate from anthropogenic activities, residual laundry water, clothing threads, and as a result of the degradation process by sunlight [15,12]. Transparent colors are often associated with polypropylene and polyethylene plastic polymers, typically used as food wrappers.…”

Karakteristik Mikroplastik Pada Saluran Pencernaan Kerang Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758) Menggunakan Metode Ekstraksi Basa

“…Larutan KOH 10% digunakan untuk mendestruksi bahan-bahan organik sampel kerang A. granosa. Larutan KOH 10% dimasukkan sebanyak 9 mL ke setiap repetisi sampel atau perbandingan 1:3 (b/v) (Sekarwardhani et al, 2022). Bagian atas gelas beaker ditutup menggunakan aluminium foil agar tidak terjadi kontaminasi mikroplastik dari lingkungan eksternal saat proses inkubasi pada suhu 60°C selama 24 jam dilakukan.…”