Kelvin wave coupling from TIMED and GOCE: Inter/intra-annual variability and solar activity effects

Gasperini, Federico; Forbes, Jeffrey M.; Doornbos, Eelco; Bruinsma, Sean

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2017.08.034

Cited by 19 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This altitude is in the 110‐ to 120‐km height‐range for DE3's first symmetric (i.e., Kelvin) mode and for the UFKW. As noted by Gasperini et al (2018) and discussed in section 2.2, some latitudinal asymmetries may be ascribed to the role of mean winds, while the broadening of vertical structures with height in the thermosphere is likely due to the effect of molecular dissipation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Figure 1 shows the latitude‐time evolution of GOCE ZM zonal winds around 260 km (panel a) and SABER ZM temperatures at 110 km (panel b) during 2010–2012. The altitude of 110 km for SABER temperatures is chosen consistently with previous studies (e.g., Gasperini et al, 2015; Gasperini, Hagan, et al, 2017, 2018; Oberheide et al, 2009) and based on the knowledge that the DE3 and UFKW tend to exhibit amplitude maxima near 110–130 km. (Note that while selecting a lower altitude would result in reduced retrieval errors, the UFTW amplitudes would also be further away from the region where they tend to maximize.)…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Reduced (increased) amplitudes in the middle thermosphere are commonly found for increased (decreased) solar activity levels. This response is explained by the effect of molecular dissipation below 200 km and the hydrostatic law above 200 km (e.g., Gasperini et al, 2018; Oberheide et al, 2009). Comparing the latitudinal distribution of DE3 and UFKW amplitudes at 110 km with that around 260 km, one may observe latitudinal broadening of structures with height likely due to the effect of molecular dissipation and latitudinal asymmetries (i.e., departure from purely equatorially symmetric KW structures) likely due to the effect of mean winds.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Evidence of Madden‐Julian Oscillation Effects on Ultrafast Tropical Waves in the Thermosphere

2020

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Over the past two decades mounting evidence demonstrated that terrestrial weather significantly influences the dynamics and mean state of the thermosphere. While important progress has been made in understanding how this coupling occurs on hourly to daily time scales, large uncertainty still exists on this effect around intraseasonal (∼30-90 days) time scales. In this work, analyses of Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics-Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry temperatures near 110 km and Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer cross-track winds near 260 km reveal prominent intraseasonal oscillations in the equatorial (±15 • ) zonal mean lower and middle thermosphere. Similar intraseasonal oscillations are found in the amplitudes of the diurnal eastward propagating tide with Zonal Wavenumber 3 (DE3) and the quasi-3-day ultrafast Kelvin wave, two prominent ultrafast tropical waves (UFTWs) excited by deep tropical tropospheric convection. Numerical simulations from the Specified-Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model eXtended demonstrate a significant connection between these UFTW and the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). Compared to the boreal winter mean state, thermospheric UFTW amplitudes are larger (+5 to +12%) during MJO Phases 2-3 and smaller (−3% to −12%) during MJO Phases 6-8. Significant variations are also found with respect to the phase of the mesospheric semiannual oscillation (MSAO) and stratospheric quasi-biannual oscillation (SQBO), with larger (±12-16%) thermospheric amplitudes during westward MSAO/SQBO phase and smaller (±3-6%) amplitudes during eastward MSAO/SQBO phase, in accordance with theoretical interpretations. This study suggests that UFTW may play a large role in coupling tropospheric intraseasonal variability to the thermosphere, raising important questions including implications for the whole atmosphere system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Evidence of Madden‐Julian Oscillation Effects on Ultrafast Tropical Waves in the Thermosphere

2020

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“…In order to investigate the presence of UFKW-tide interactions in Mars atmosphere, we employ the method developed by Moudden and Forbes (2010, 2011a, 2011b and successfully applied by Gasperini et al (2015) and Gasperini, Forbes, Doornbos, and Bruinsma (2017) to diagnose waves in Earth's atmosphere. The methodology consists of ordering data in pseudolongitudes, the traditional longitude incremented by 360 ∘ times the number of Mars revolutions relative to a given time.…”

Section: Investigating Nonlinear Interactions Using Pseudolongitudesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seminal Evidence of a 2.5‐Sol Ultra‐Fast Kelvin Wave in Mars' Middle and Upper Atmosphere

Gasperini

Hagan

Forbes

2018

Geophysical Research Letters

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The structure and dynamics of Mars' middle and upper atmosphere is significantly impacted by waves propagating from the lower atmosphere. Using concurrent temperature and neutral density measurements taken by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN satellites, we demonstrate for the first time that a 2.5‐sol ultra‐fast Kelvin wave is a prominent global‐scale feature of the low‐latitude middle (i.e., 30–80 km) and upper (approximately 150 km) atmosphere of Mars. Further, we present evidence of secondary waves arising from nonlinear interactions between this ultra‐fast Kelvin wave and solar tides, and based on their amplitudes we surmise that they could represent an important source of tidal and longitudinal variability in the aerobraking region.

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“…However, the sparse geographical coverage of these measurements precludes a global perspective. Space‐based evidence of PW‐tide interactions exist (Forbes & Moudden, ; Forbes & Zhang, ; Gasperini et al, ; Gasperini, Forbes, Doornbos, & Bruinsma, ; Pedatella & Forbes, ) that provide a global view, but the methodologies that are necessarily employed often yield multiple solutions, which cannot be explicitly deconvolved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Wave‐Wave Interactions in a General Circulation Model

et al. 2018

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Nonlinear interactions involving Kelvin waves with (periods, zonal wave numbers) = (3.7d, s =− 1) (UFKW1) and = (2.4d, s =− 1) (UFKW2) and s = 0 and s = 1 quasi 9 day waves (Q9DW) with diurnal tides DW1, DW2, DW3, DE2, and DE3 are explored within a National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere‐ionosphere‐mesosphere electrodynamics general circulation model (TIME‐GCM) simulation driven at its ∼30 km lower boundary by interpolated 3‐hourly output from Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA). The existence of nonlinear wave‐wave interactions between the above primary waves is determined by the presence of secondary waves (SWs) with frequencies and zonal wave numbers that are the sums and differences of those of the primary (interacting) waves. Focus is on 10–21 April 2009, when the nontidal dynamics in the mesosphere‐lower thermosphere (MLT) region is dominated by UFKW and when identification of SW is robust. Fifteen SWs are identified in all. An interesting triad is identified involving UFKW1, DE3, and a secondary UFKW4 = (1.5d, s =− 2): The UFKW1‐DE3 interaction produces UFKW4, the UFKW4‐DE3 interaction produces UFKW1, and the UFKW1 interaction with UFKW4 produces DE3. At 120 km the dynamic range of the reconstructed latitude‐longitude zonal wind field due to all of the SW is roughly half that of the primary waves, which produced them. This suggests that nonlinear wave‐wave interactions could significantly modify the way that the lower atmosphere couples with the ionosphere.

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Kelvin wave coupling from TIMED and GOCE: Inter/intra-annual variability and solar activity effects

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Preliminary Evidence of Madden‐Julian Oscillation Effects on Ultrafast Tropical Waves in the Thermosphere

Preliminary Evidence of Madden‐Julian Oscillation Effects on Ultrafast Tropical Waves in the Thermosphere

Seminal Evidence of a 2.5‐Sol Ultra‐Fast Kelvin Wave in Mars' Middle and Upper Atmosphere

Exploring Wave‐Wave Interactions in a General Circulation Model

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