Keplerate {Mo₁₃₂}–Stearic Acid Conjugates: Supramolecular Synthons for the Design of Dye-Loaded Nanovesicles, Langmuir–Schaefer Films, and Infochemical Applications

Abstract

Self-assembly gives rise to the versatile strategies of smart material design but requires precise control on the supramolecular level. Here, inorganic−organic synthons (conjugates) are produced by covalently grafting stearic acid tails to giant polyoxometalate (POM) Keplerate-type {Mo 132 } through an organosilicon linker (3-aminopropyltrimethoxy silane, APTMS). Using the liposome production approach, the synthons self-assemble to form hollow nanosized vesicles (100−200 nm in diameter), which can be loaded with organic dyes�eriochrome black T (ErChB) and fluorescein (FL)�where the POM layer serves as a membrane with subnanopores for cell-like communication. The dye structure plays an essential role in embedding dyes into the vesicle's shell, which opens the way to control the colloidal stability of the system. The produced vesicles are moved by an electric field and used for the creation of an infochemistry scheme with three types of logic gates (AND, OR, and IMP). To design 2D materials, synthons can form spread films, from simple addition on the water−air interface to lateral compression in the Langmuir bath, and highly ordered structures appear, demonstrating electron diffraction in Langmuir−Schaefer (LS) films. These results show the significant potential of POM-based synthons and nanosized vesicles to supramolecular design the diversity of smart materials.