Keratinase Production and Biodegradation of Some Keratinous Wastes by Alternaria tenuissima and Aspergillus nidulans

Saber, WesamEldin I. A.; El-Metwally, Mohammad Magdy; El-Hersh, Mohammed S.

doi:10.3923/jm.2010.21.35

Cited by 59 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Besides biotechnological interests, these investigations may help in understanding the role of fungi in the degradation of complex keratinous substrates in nature. [99] Actual studies related to fungal keratinases reveal the proper mechanism of these enzymes acting on complex keratinous structures which are not utilizable by other proteolytic microorganisms. [100] Extensively reviewed keratinolytic microorganism's action which involves the initial phase of disulfide bond reduction followed by proteolytic action upon an opened keratin structure.…”

Section: Keratinolytic Microorganisms: Environmental Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial keratinases: industrial enzymes with waste management potential

Verma¹,

Singh

Anwar

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

127

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Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes that occur in various biological systems ranging from microorganisms to higher organisms. Microbial proteases are largely utilized in various established industrial processes. Despite their numerous industrial applications, they are not efficient in hydrolysis of recalcitrant, protein-rich keratinous wastes which result in environmental pollution and health hazards. This paved the way for the search of keratinolytic microorganisms having the ability to hydrolyze "hard to degrade" keratinous wastes. This new class of proteases is known as "keratinases". Due to their specificity, keratinases have an advantage over normal proteases and have replaced them in many industrial applications, such as nematicidal agents, nitrogenous fertilizer production from keratinous waste, animal feed and biofuel production. Keratinases have also replaced the normal proteases in the leather industry and detergent additive application due to their better performance. They have also been proved efficient in prion protein degradation. Above all, one of the major hurdles of enzyme industrial applications (cost effective production) can be achieved by using keratinous waste biomass, such as chicken feathers and hairs as fermentation substrate. Use of these low cost waste materials serves dual purposes: to reduce the fermentation cost for enzyme production as well as reducing the environmental waste load. The advent of keratinases has given new direction for waste management with industrial applications giving rise to green technology for sustainable development.

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Section: Keratinolytic Microorganisms: Environmental Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial keratinases: industrial enzymes with waste management potential

Verma¹,

Singh

Anwar

et al. 2016

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

127

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“…Bioremediation refers to the decomposing of organic pollutants by soil microorganism with subsequent conversion of the decomposed materials to harmless end products such as carbon dioxide, water and methane (Walter et al, 1997). Bioremediation is not only useful in the recovery of site contaminated with oil but also applicable to recovery of hazardous wastes contaminated sites or media (Chitra and Lakshmanaperumalsamy, 2010;Rezaee et al, 2010;Thavasi et al, 2006;Saber et al, 2010;Akinyele et al, 2011;Amini et al, 2011;Ogwal et al, 2011). The huge success recorded in the clean-up process of the oil tanker Exxon Valdez oil spill of 1989 attested to the efficacy of bioremediation process (Atlas and Bartha, 1998) Degradation of hydrocarbons through microbial activities has been detected for quite some time.…”

Section: Microbial J 1 (4): 139-148 2011mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary Study on Biodegradation of Nigerian Natural Bitumen

Olabemiwo¹,

Adediran²,

Adekola³

et al. 2011

Microbiology J.

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One of the major problems facing the existence of man in this millennium is pollution. Thus, it is no surprise that much attention is given to pollution control and remediation of polluted environment. While remediation can be achieved by physicochemical and biological methods, application of the latter tends to be gaining upper hand due to some of its inherent advantages. This study investigated the biodegradability of bitumen from Agbabu, Southwestern Nigeria by hydrocarbon utilizing strains of Pseudomonas putrefaciens, Pseudomonas nigrificans, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas tragi and Achromobacter aerogenes. The organisms were used to inoculate Mineral Salts Medium (MSM) supplemented with 0.2 g L-1 solution of Agbabu bitumen in dichloromethane. Cultures were inoculated at different temperature and pH (27°C/pH 3.5; 27°C/pH 5.6; 30°C/pH 7.0 and 40°C/pH 7.0) for two weeks. The quantity of bitumen degraded by each organism was determined gravimetrically at the end of first and second week. The rate of degradation was calculated for each organism and residual bitumen analyzed by infraredSpectroscopy. In the first week of incubation, Achromobacter aerogenes exhibited the highest rate of degradation (1.750±0.027 mg h-1 ) at 30°C and pH 7 while Bacillus licheniformis showed the least degradation rate (0.300±0.018 mg h-1 ) at 40°C and pH 7. Structural indices such as aromaticity, sulphonation, aliphaticity and oxidation calculated from the infrared spectra of recovered bitumen from the inoculated samples were different from that of the control. This thus, confirms the degradation capability of the bacteria used in this work on the Agbabu bitumen and hence their potentials for use in bioremediation of bitumen-polluted environments.

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“…A vast variety of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi are known to be keratin degraders. [7][8][9] The bacterial species frequently reported for enzyme production and characterization are Bacillus spp, Actinomycetes, Vibrio spp., Chryseobacteriumsp., Burkholderiasp. and Pseudomonas sp.…”

Section: Issn: 2320-5407mentioning

confidence: 99%