Keratoconjunctivitis sicca of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals is associated with high levels of HTLV-1 proviral load

Vargens, Cristina Castro-Lima; Grassi, Maria Fernanda Rios; Boa‐Sorte, Ney; Rathsam-Pinheiro, Regina Helena; Olavarria, Viviana Nilla; Kruschewsky, Ramon de Almeida; Galvão–Castro, Bernardo

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2011.07.016

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the last few years, numerous studies have demonstrated a clear association between high PVL and development of HAM/TSP and of other inflammatory conditions such as infective dermatitis and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Patients with these conditions have a PVL consistently higher than asymptomatic carriers [22, 24, 30]. Recently, our group suggested a cutoff of 5% infected cells as best the value to differentiate HAM/TSP patients from asymptomatic individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HTLV-1 PVL is considered low if the proportion of infected PBMCs is lower than 1%, and high if greater than 5% [20]. High PVLs are commonly found in individuals with HAM/TSP [21, 22], infective dermatitis [23] and Keratoconjunctivitis sicca [24]. However, in some cases, asymptomatic individuals may have high PVLs and exhibit an exacerbated inflammatory response [14, 22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load induces activation of T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic carriers

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundHigh HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) is mainly found in infected individuals with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). However one third of asymptomatic carriers may have high PVL.This study aimed to evaluate the impact of PVL in the activation of T lymphocytes of asymptomatic individuals infected with HTLV-1.MethodsMembrane activation markers (CD25+, CD28+, CD45RO+, CD69+, CD62L+, HLA-DR+), FoxP3+ and intracellular IFN-γ expression were evaluated on both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes from asymptomatic carriers with PVL ≥ and < 1% of infected cells, using flow cytometry. HTLV-1 proviral load was determined using real-time PCR.ResultsAsymptomatic carriers with PVL ≥ 1% presented a higher frequency of CD4+CD25+CD45RO+ (13.2% vs. 4%, p = 0.02), CD4+HLA-DR+ (18% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.01) and CD4+IFN-γ+ (4.5%; 1%, p = 0.01) T-cells, than healthy donors. HTLV-1 PVL was directly correlated with the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD45RO+ T-cells (R = 0.7, p = 0.003). Moreover, a significant increase in the proportion of CD4 + FoxP3+ T-cells was observed in HTLV-1-infected individuals, compared to healthy donors.ConclusionHTLV-1 PVL is associated with activation of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic individuals. Prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate whether asymptomatic individuals with higher PVL and high immune activation are more prone to developing HTLV-1-associated diseases.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-453) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load induces activation of T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic carriers

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, compelling evidence indicates that patients with other HTLV-1-associated inflammatory conditions, such as infective dermatitis [12] or keratoconjunctivitis sicca [13], display significantly higher levels of proviral load compared to asymptomatic carriers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utility of HTLV proviral load quantification in diagnosis of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy requires international standardization

Grassi

Olavarria

Kruschewsky

et al. 2013

Journal of Clinical Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Clinically, overlap of HU and HAM is seen in less than 15% of cases (Nakao et al, 2018). KCS and IK, which are partially related to inflammation, are more frequent among HAM patients (Merle et al, 2001;Pinheiro et al, 2006;Castro-Lima Vargens et al, 2011).…”

Section: Overlap Syndromementioning

confidence: 98%

HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

Kamoi

2020

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus described as a causative agent for human disease. In the field of ophthalmology, a close relationship between HTLV-1 infection and uveitis was identified through a series of clinical and laboratory studies in the late 1980s-1990s. Since then, HTLV-1-related ocular manifestations such as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)-related ocular manifestations have continuously been reported. During the three decades since the association between HTLV-1 and ocular pathologies was discovered, ophthalmic practice and research have advanced with the incorporation of new technologies into the field of ophthalmology. Accordingly, new findings from recent research have provided many insights into HTLV-1-associated ocular diseases. Advanced molecular technologies such as multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/broad-range PCR using ocular samples have enabled rapid and accurate diagnosis. Advanced ophthalmic technologies such as widefield fundus camera and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have clarified various features of HTLV-1-associated ocular manifestations, and identified characteristics such as the "knob-like ATL cell multiple ocular infiltration" (KAMOI) sign. Advanced drug delivery methods such as intravitreal injection and sub-Tenon injection have led to progress in preventing disease progression. This article describes global topics and the latest research findings for HTLV-1-associated ocular diseases, with reference to a largescale nationwide survey of ophthalmologists. Current approaches and unmet needs for HTLV-1 infection in ophthalmology are also discussed.

show abstract

Keratoconjunctivitis sicca of human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected individuals is associated with high levels of HTLV-1 proviral load

Abstract: HTLV-1 proviral loads are higher in patients with KCS and may represent a relevant biological marker of disease.

Cited by 22 publications

References 36 publications

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load induces activation of T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic carriers

Human T lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load induces activation of T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic carriers

Utility of HTLV proviral load quantification in diagnosis of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy requires international standardization

HTLV-1 in Ophthalmology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About