Kerogen origin, evolution and structure

Vandenbroucke, M.; Largeau, Claude

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2007.01.001

Cited by 1,039 publications

(800 citation statements)

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“…The formation is a reference source rock of Type II kerogen. [21][22][23] These black shales were deposited in an epicontinental sea of moderate depth, extending from the Yorkshire Basin (United Kingdom), over the Lower Saxony Basin and the Southwest German Basin into the Paris Basin, during the Lower Toarcian period. 21,24,25 Recent electron microscopy studies inferred that the formation of nanoporous organic materials occurred due to gaseous hydrocarbon generation in Posidonia shales of gas window maturity.…”

Section: Posidonia Shalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

et al. 2014

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. (2014) 'High-pressure methane adsorption and characterization of pores in Posidonia shales and isolated kerogens.', Energy fuels., 28 (5). pp. 2886-2901. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef402466mPublisher's copyright statement:This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in nal form in Energy Fuels, copyright c American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the nal edited and published work see http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef402466m. Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractSorption capacities and pore characteristics of bulk shales and isolated kerogens have been determined for immature, oil-window and gas-window mature samples from the Lower Toarcian Posidonia Shale formation. Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) micropore volumes, sorption pore volumes and surface areas of shales and kerogens were determined from CO 2 adsorption isotherms at -78°C and 0°C, and N 2 adsorption isotherms at -196°C. Mercury injection capillary pressure porosimetry, grain density measurements and helium pycnometry were used to determine shale and kerogen densities and total pore volumes.Total porosities decrease through the oil-window and then increase into the gas-window.High-pressure methane isotherms up to 14 MPa were determined at 45, 65 and 85°C on dry shale and at 45 and 65°C on kerogen. Methane excess uptakes at 65°C and 11.5 MPa were in the range 0.056-0.110 mmol g -1 (40-78 scf t -1 ) for dry Posidonia shales and 0.36-0.70 mmol g -1 (253-499 scf t -1 ) for the corresponding dry kerogens. Absolute methane isotherms were calculated by correcting for the gas at bulk gas phase density in the sorption pore volume. The enthalpies of CH 4 adsorption for shales and kerogens at zero surface coverage showed no significant variation with maturity, indicating that the sorption pore volume is the primary control on sorption uptake. The sum of pore volumes measured by a) CO 2 sorption at -78°C and b) mercury injection, are similar to the total porosity for shales. Since mercury in our experiments occupies pores with constrictions larger than ca. 6 nm, we infer that porosity measured by CO 2 adsorption at -78°C in the samples used in this study is largely within pores with effective diameters smaller than 6 nm. The linear correlation between maximum CH 4 surface excess sorption and CO 2 sorption pore volume at -78°C is very strong for both shales and kerogens, and goes through the origin, suggestin...

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Section: Posidonia Shalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

et al. 2014

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“…In terms of the chemical structures of coal macerals which have been well studied (Vandenbroucke and Largeau, 2007), we can ascribe "vitrinite" to K, and semifusinite and fusinite to BC. In the coal sample, "vitrinite" is formed by the gelation of lignins.…”

Section: Fluorescent Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of macromolecular organic matter in atmospheric dust from Guangzhou, China

Zhao

Peng

Song

et al. 2011

Atmospheric Environment

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“…However, many of the mechanisms for forming kerogen are poorly understood. (Aizenshtat et al, 1995;Eglinton et al, 1994;Francois, 1987;Vandenbroucke and Largeau, 2007). Organic compounds are sometimes bound to the kerogen matrix by sulfur bridges, and organic sulfur in a variety of aromatic and aliphatic ring structures can also be extracted from immature sediments (Sinninghe Damsté et al, 2007;Vairavamurthy and Mopper, 1987;Vairavamurthy et al, 1994) and crude oils (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotopic composition of individual organic compounds from Cariaco Basin sediments

Raven

Adkins

Werne

et al. 2015

Organic Geochemistry

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Reactions between reduced inorganic sulfur and organic compounds are thought to be important for the preservation of organic matter (OM) in sediments, but the sulfurization process is poorly understood. Sulfur isotopes are potentially useful tracers of sulfurization reactions, which often occur in the presence of a strong porewater isotopic gradient driven by microbial sulfate reduction. Prior studies of bulk sedimentary OM indicate that sulfurized products are 34 Senriched relative to coexisting sulfide, and experiments have produced 34 S-enriched organosulfur compounds. However, analytical limitations have prevented the relationship from being tested at the molecular level in natural environments. Here we apply a new method, coupled gas chromatography -inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, to measure the compoundspecific sulfur isotopic compositions of volatile organosulfur compounds over a 6 m core of anoxic Cariaco Basin sediments. In contrast to current conceptual models, nearly all extractable organosulfur compounds were substantially depleted in 34 S relative to coexisting kerogen and 2 porewater sulfide. We hypothesize that this 34 S depletion is due to a normal kinetic isotope effect during the initial formation of a carbon-sulfur bond and that the source of sulfur in this relatively irreversible reaction is most likely the bisulfide anion in sedimentary pore water. The 34 Sdepleted products of irreversible bisulfide addition alone cannot explain the isotopic composition of total extractable or residual OM. Therefore, at least two different sulfurization pathways must operate in the Cariaco Basin, generating isotopically distinct products. Compound-specific sulfur isotope analysis thus provides new insights into the timescales and mechanisms of OM sulfurization.3

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Kerogen origin, evolution and structure

Cited by 1,039 publications

References 360 publications

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

High-Pressure Methane Adsorption and Characterization of Pores in Posidonia Shales and Isolated Kerogens

Characterization of macromolecular organic matter in atmospheric dust from Guangzhou, China

Sulfur isotopic composition of individual organic compounds from Cariaco Basin sediments

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