Ketahanan Varietas Unggul Baru dan Galur Isogenik Padi terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Kondisi Lapangan

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is a major disease of rice in Indonesia. Cilacap District of Central Java Province and Kuningan District of West Java Province are two endemic areas of BLB. The field trial was carried out in Cilacap and Kuningan in planting season of 2017 to evaluate resistance to BLB of 20 rice genotypes including 10 new improved varieties, one differential variety, nine isogenic lines. The trial was arranged in a completed block design with three replications. Data collected were: 1) Incidences and severities of BLB; 2) Resistances of the rice genotypes to BLB; and 3) Pathotypes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). The results showed the incidence of BLB disease in Cilacap of 0-100% and disease severity of 0 to 85.18%. In Kuningan, the disease incidence was 0-100% and the disease severity from 0 to 79.26%. The varieties of Inpari-32, Java-14, and the lines of IRBB-5, IRBB-7, IRBB-21, and IRBB-57 were resistant to BLB in Cilacap and Kuningan. Those varieties/lines were expected to be used as a source of resistance to BLB in Cilacap and Kuningan. Xoo pathotype test showed that 14 Xoo isolates from Cilacap classified as pathotype VIII, while nine Xoo isolates from Kuningan were classified as pathotype III. The planting of resistant varieties based on the existence of the dominant of Xoo pathotypes which specific in the field can reduce the incidence and the severity of BLB disease effectively and efficiently, while the assembly of BLB resistant varieties can use the resistant genes of xa5, Xa7, and Xa21 as they were still effective to control the dominant pathotypes of BLB in Indonesia.

Using Superior Variety and Application of CI200 to Support Food Security in South Sumatra Swamp Land

“…Genetic and environmental factors determine the growth and development of plants. The number of productive tillers is a factor that greatly influences rice productivity [28].…”

Agronomics, Genomics, Breeding and Intensive Cultivation of Ciherang Rice Variety

“…According to Yuliani et al (2017), Ciherang moderately resistant to Xoo pathotype III in the dry season, but susceptible in the wet season. This rice variety also suitable to cultivate in the rice field with altitude below 500 m above the sea level (Masruroh et al, 2016).…”

“…In Indonesia, Ciherang is cultivated widely and blast disease is become the main issue. One of the most affordable, effective, and more environmentally-friendly approach for controlling this disease is to develop blast disease-resistant rice varieties (Yuliani et al, 2017;Fukuta et al, 2009;Toha, 2007;. Developing of blast-resistant Ciherang rice variety has been done by introgression of Pita-2 gene derived from IRBLta2-Re to Ciherang and produced three backcross populations, including BC1F1, BC2F1, and BC3F1 (Fitriah et al, 2019).…”