Ketamine, Revival of a Versatile Intravenous Anaesthetic

Ræder, Johan

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-9192-8_24

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The hypothalamus that controls sleep/wake states is known to be a key target of anesthetics that act at GABA receptors [18], [19]. It is known that pentobarbital acts at receptors [18], whereas ketamine affects GABA and NMDA receptors and reduces the pre-synaptic release of glutamine [20]. The effects on respiratory and cardiovascular system are different between PB and KX.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico-Cardio-Respiratory Network Interactions during Anesthesia

et al. 2012

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General anesthetics are used during medical and surgical procedures to reversibly induce a state of total unconsciousness in patients. Here, we investigate, from a dynamic network perspective, how the cortical and cardiovascular systems behave during anesthesia by applying nonparametric spectral techniques to cortical electroencephalography, electrocardiogram and respiratory signals recorded from anesthetized rats under two drugs, ketamine-xylazine (KX) and pentobarbital (PB). We find that the patterns of low-frequency cortico-cardio-respiratory network interactions may undergo significant changes in network activity strengths and in number of network links at different depths of anesthesia dependent upon anesthetics used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortico-Cardio-Respiratory Network Interactions during Anesthesia

et al. 2012

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“…It is a noncompetitive antagonist at the NMDA receptor but also acts in part as a μ-opioid agonist. Additional anticholinergic antagonism may also be relevant for behavioral side effects (559). It produces a distinct state of unconsciousness referred to as "dissociative anesthesia," where loss of consciousness and analgesia are often associated with or accompanied by psychoactive side effects such as hallucinations or vivid dreaming.…”

Section: Ketaminementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ketamine is an intravenous anesthetic, which has seen a renaissance in clinical use during the past decade because of its perceived analgesic potency without pronounced respiratory depression (559,560). It is a noncompetitive antagonist at the NMDA receptor but also acts in part as a μ-opioid agonist.…”

Section: Ketaminementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Anesthetics, Sedatives, and Opioids on Ventilatory Control

Stuth

Stucke

Zuperku

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

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This article provides a comprehensive, up to date summary of the effects of volatile, gaseous, and intravenous anesthetics and opioid agonists on ventilatory control. Emphasis is placed on data from human studies. Further mechanistic insights are provided by in vivo and in vitro data from other mammalian species. The focus is on the effects of clinically relevant agonist concentrations and studies using pharmacological, that is, supraclinical agonist concentrations are de-emphasized or excluded.

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“…Ketamin gir god analgesi og søvn ved økende doser, samtidig som respirasjon og sirkulasjon påvirkes lite (6). Mens søvn, uavhengig av årsak, gir hemming av det sympatiske nervesystemet, vasodilatasjon og blodtrykksfall, har ketamin en sympatikusstimulerende effekt som motvirker dette.…”

Section: Generell Anestesiunclassified

“…Midlet er derfor mye brukt hos dehydrerte og i akuttsituasjoner hos pasienter med blød-ninger. Ketamin er også populaert i feltsituasjoner hvor man ønsker en enkel metode og derfor tolererer ubehagelige hallusinasjoner, noe enkelte får under oppvåkning (6).…”

Section: Generell Anestesiunclassified