Key Agreement and Authentication Protocols in the Internet of Things: A Survey

Szymoniak, Sabina; Kesar, Shalini

doi:10.3390/app13010404

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…Table 1 presents a detailed comparison table on recent works in IoT authentication, systematically reviewed for strengths, weaknesses, and future research directions. Contributions include a comprehensive exploration of IoT authentication techniques [14], an investigation of communication protocols for IoT security [15], and a taxonomy tracing the evolution of IoT authentication methods [16]. Kavianpour et al [17] provides a thorough analysis of IoT authentication, encompassing security aspects and identifying future challenges.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authentication schemes in wireless internet of things sensor networks: a survey and comparison

Phalaagae,

Zungeru,

Sigweni

et al. 2024

IJEECS

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The proliferation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) fuels internet of things (IoT's) rapid global development, connecting diverse devices. IoT transforms devices into intelligent entities delivering exceptional services. This work addresses IoT authentication gaps through a comprehensive survey, analyzing recent works and exploring techniques in various applications. It includes a comparative analysis of authentication schemes, evaluating Bi-Phase authentication scheme (BAS) in WSNs. BAS outperforms sensor protocol for information via negotiation (SPIN), broadcast session key protocol (BROSK), and localized encryption and authentication protocol (LEAP), resulting in lower energy consumption and higher efficiency. With energy efficiency at 60 Kb/J for 25 nodes, BAS focuses on power optimization and lightweight security measures, reducing energy consumption, maximizing efficiency, and extending WSN lifespan. The evaluation, conducted using MATLAB/Simulink, demonstrates BAS's superiority, achieving 10 J, 12 J, 14 J, and 15 J energy consumption for 25 nodes during simulation, showcasing its effectiveness and future potential in advancing IoT authentication.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authentication schemes in wireless internet of things sensor networks: a survey and comparison

Phalaagae,

Zungeru,

Sigweni

et al. 2024

IJEECS

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“…In this methodology, in the first layer a mutual secret key is generated using ECC technique which is shared between users and gateway node (GWN), and in second layer the user initiates the key agreement process and used first layer generated key, wherein the GWN and sensors are generating a mutual session key using a group key. Later, Szymoniak et al 62 37 proposed M-FA protocol utilizing smart card, password, and biometrics for legitimacy verification. These recently designed protocols [35][36][37] claim to provide privacy functionalities to end-users and resilience against several security attacks.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this methodology, in the first layer a mutual secret key is generated using ECC technique which is shared between users and gateway node (GWN), and in second layer the user initiates the key agreement process and used first layer generated key, wherein the GWN and sensors are generating a mutual session key using a group key. Later, Szymoniak et al 62 illustrated that Vinoth et al protocol is vulnerable to impersonation attack.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel and provably secure mutual authentication protocol for cloud environment using elliptic curve cryptography and fuzzy verifier

Patel

Shukla

Patel

2023

Concurrency and Computation

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SummaryCloud computing is an emerging paradigm that enables on‐demand data storage without considering the local infrastructure limitations of end‐users. The extensive growth in number of servers, resources, and networks intensifies security and privacy concerns in clouds. This necessitates secure mutual authentication and key agreement mechanism to verify the legitimacy of participating entities. In accordance, several authentication protocols have been designed to authenticate end‐users over insecure channels. This article presents security analysis of recent protocols that claim to render security and privacy features. We demonstrate that Kaur et al.'s protocol is vulnerable to replay attack, Dharminder et al.'s protocol is prone to user traceability and known session‐specific temporary information (KSSTI) attacks, and Bouchaala et al.'s protocol is prone to replay and KSSTI attacks. To withstand the aforementioned attacks, we propose an enhanced protocol based on fuzzy verifier and elliptic curve cryptography for clouds. Our protocol safeguards against security attacks while providing privacy functionalities. The security analysis is illustrated under real‐or‐random model, and correctness is verified under the Scyther security verification tool. Finally, comparative analysis with existing protocols shows that our protocol delivers robust security with reasonable computational and communication overheads than state‐of‐the‐art protocols.

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“…In this phase, the requirements for the enhanced authenticated key agreement scheme for WSNs are defined. This includes understanding the security requirements, the network architecture, the types of devices, the communication protocols, and other relevant factors [25].…”

Section: Requirements Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Enhanced Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme for Cloud-Based IoT in Wireless Sensor Networks

Singh,

Singh

2023

IJEER

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Recent advancements in mobile and wireless technology have fundamentally impacted the underpinnings of cloud computing and IoEs. These changes have changed the way data is communicated across numerous channels, allowing for intelligent discovery and operation. The Internet of Things (IoT) is highly reliant on wireless sensor networks (WSNs), which have several applications in industries ranging from smart medicine to military operations to farming. The IoT's substantial reliance on these activities generates a large amount of data. All the above-specified data is transferred to a remote server for storage and processing. As a result, it is critical to enable safe data access in WSNs by authenticating individuals in altered states of awareness. Authenticating drug addicts in WSNs is still a topic that has not been fully addressed. This study describes a novel and improved authenticated key agreement mechanism for WSNs in cloud-based IoT applications. The technique suggested in this research provides a safe and effective solution for ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of the connection between sensor nodes and the cloud server. To enable a secure key exchange, the system implements a cryptographic method that combines symmetric and asymmetric encryption techniques. Furthermore, it employs a basic authentication approach to ensure that no data has been tampered with during transmission. In terms of security, communication overhead, and computing complexity, the simulation results show that the suggested solution outperforms the alternatives. The proposed methodology applies to a wide range of IoT application cases, including the previously described smart home, smart city, and industrial automation implementations. A comparison of related approaches supports the safety of our solution for WSNs.

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Key Agreement and Authentication Protocols in the Internet of Things: A Survey

Cited by 19 publications

References 142 publications

Authentication schemes in wireless internet of things sensor networks: a survey and comparison

Authentication schemes in wireless internet of things sensor networks: a survey and comparison

A novel and provably secure mutual authentication protocol for cloud environment using elliptic curve cryptography and fuzzy verifier

An Enhanced Authenticated Key Agreement Scheme for Cloud-Based IoT in Wireless Sensor Networks

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