Key aspects of electric vertical take-off and landing conceptual design

Bacchini, Alessandro; Cestino, Enrico

doi:10.1177/0954410019884174

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The estimated battery weight of 104 kg is close to yet 8.3% higher compared to the 96 kg value estimated by Balli [35]. The empty weight of 246 kg is also similar to that reported by Bacchini and Cestino [73] of 254 kg.…”

Section: N2 Diagram Methods For Uam Multicopter Sizingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Sizing of Multicopter Air Taxis—Weight, Endurance, and Range

Yang,

Liang,

Pröbsting

et al. 2024

Aerospace

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In the near future, urban air mobility (UAM) will let an old dream of human society come true: affordable and fast air transportation for almost everyone. Among the various existing designs, the multicopter configuration best combines the advantages of compactness, simplicity, and maturity. These aspects are important for actual use, particularly during the early stage of this market. This study elaborates on the design principles of UAM multicopters by examining existing models in terms of their configuration, weight, and range specifications. In particular, the weights of the different components are estimated based on empirical models, aerodynamic fundamentals for the analysis of UAM multicopters are derived from momentum theory, and the power and energy requirements for hovering and cruise flight are evaluated, thereby enabling estimation of the maximum hovering time and flight range. Finally, a sizing method is introduced and validated against an actual UAM design.

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Section: N2 Diagram Methods For Uam Multicopter Sizingsupporting

confidence: 85%

Sizing of Multicopter Air Taxis—Weight, Endurance, and Range

Yang,

Liang,

Pröbsting

et al. 2024

Aerospace

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“…eVTOLs having larger disc areas contribute to higher hover efficiency, whereas smaller tilt-rotor system eVTOLs provide more speed and less hover efficiency. Alessandro and Enrico [13] highlighted the key aspects which need to be considered while performing the conceptual design of an eVTOL. They pointed out the factors that affect the range of an eVTOL, which include lift-to-drag ratio, propulsive efficiency, battery energy density and battery-mass-to-total-mass ratio.…”

Section: Literature Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Analysis of VTOL Operated Intercity Electrical Vehicle for Urban Air Mobility

et al. 2021

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This paper discusses the conceptual design of an intercity electrical vertical take-off-and-landing aircraft. A literature survey of existing eVTOL aircrafts, configuration selection, initial sizing, weight estimation, modelling and analysis was conducted. The present intercity eVTOL aircraft has the capability to carry four passengers along with one pilot for a distance of 500 km. Two specific aircraft modes, such as air-taxi and air-cargo mode, are considered in the present design. Market entry is predicted before 2031. Subsequently, innovative technologies are incorporated into the design. The present design features an aerodynamically shaped fuselage, tapered wing and a V-tail design. It can carry a nominal payload of 500 kg to a maximum range of 500 km at a cruise speed of Mach 0.168. The present eVTOL is comprised of a 5 m-long fuselage and an 11 m wingspan. It utilizes six tilt-rotor propeller engines. The maximum take-off weight and empty weight are 1755 kg and 1255 kg, respectively. The unit price is expected to be between USD 14.83 and 17.36 million. This aircraft has an aesthetically pleasing, intelligent and feasible design.

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“…Bacchini et al [4,5] analyzed and compared various performance of three eVTOL aircraft with different configurations. Multirotor vehicles are more efficient in hovering; vectored thrust jets are more efficient in cruising and have a higher range; lift-cruise vehicles are a compromise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis for Design Parameters of Electric Tilt-Rotor Aircraft

Wang,

Ma,

Chen

2024

Aerospace

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In recent years, there has been rapid development in electric aircraft, particularly electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft, as part of efforts to promote green aviation. During the conceptual design stage, it is crucial to select appropriate values for key parameters and conduct sensitivity analysis on these parameters. This study focuses on an electric tilt-rotor aircraft and proposes a performance analysis method for electric aircraft while developing a general design tool specifically for this type of aircraft. Subsequently, the impact of wing incidence angle, sweep angle, span, propeller solidity, battery-specific energy, and battery mass on range, maximum takeoff weight, and hover power are analyzed. The results show that the battery mass, wingspan, and wingtip chord length have great effects on the maximum takeoff weight; among these, battery mass had the greatest influence. In terms of range, the battery energy density has a great positive effect on range, while the increase in wing angle of incidence, wingtip chord length and battery mass have some negative effects on range.

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Key aspects of electric vertical take-off and landing conceptual design

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Sizing of Multicopter Air Taxis—Weight, Endurance, and Range

Sizing of Multicopter Air Taxis—Weight, Endurance, and Range

Design and Analysis of VTOL Operated Intercity Electrical Vehicle for Urban Air Mobility

Sensitivity Analysis for Design Parameters of Electric Tilt-Rotor Aircraft

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