Key Considerations in the Selection of Ingredients and Processing Technologies for Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Products

Optimization of microwave‐assisted extraction parameters and characterization of phenolic compounds in Yellow European Plums

“…This trend could be attributed to the change in dielectric properties of the solvent used when altering the concentration using water. Combining solvents with co‐solvents, such as water, increases the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of the solvent, thereby increasing its ability to absorb energy and convert it to heat during microwave heating . Singh et al studied the effect of modified dielectric properties of methanol on the extraction of antioxidants from potato peels.…”

“…Combining solvents with co-solvents, such as water, increases the dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor of the solvent, thereby increasing its ability to absorb energy and convert it to heat during microwave heating. [9] Singh et al [18] studied the effect of modified dielectric properties of methanol on the extraction of antioxidants from potato peels. During this study, it was observed that methanol fractions at lower concentrations yielded a higher dielectric constant over methanol fractions of higher concentrations when potato peels were introduced into the system.…”

“…Extraction of phytochemicals from plant matrices is often carried out using a process called heat reflux extraction (HRE) or Soxhlet extraction. HRE it a mass transfer driven process that utilizes organic solvents, such as methanol and ethanol, coupled with heat and agitation, to extract the desired compounds from the product . This process is frequently used as it requires little capital and maintenance costs, and is easy to implement .…”

“…HRE it a mass transfer driven process that utilizes organic solvents, such as methanol and ethanol, coupled with heat and agitation, to extract the desired compounds from the product . This process is frequently used as it requires little capital and maintenance costs, and is easy to implement . HRE has been previously used for the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidants from YEPs, ginseng root, and prunes .…”

“…[9] This process is frequently used as it requires little capital and maintenance costs, and is easy to implement. [9] HRE has been previously used for the extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidants from YEPs, [5] ginseng root, [10] and prunes. [11] However, this process is often associated with long extraction times, large volumes of solvent, and often utilizes solvents that are not categorized as GRAS (generally recognized as safe), such as methanol.…”