Key Drivers of Land Use Changes in the Rural Area of Gargano (South Italy) and Their Implications for the Local Sustainable Development

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of land use and land cover change (LULCC) in the Gargano area (Southern Italy) to reveal crucial insights into the socio-economic and environmental impacts on its unique natural and cultural resources. This analysis was conducted using a mixed approach of GIS data and expert interviews to investigate significant changes in the Gargano area, from 2000 to 2018, and their drivers. Artificial surfaces gained 22% of their original surfaces, while heterogeneous areas and pastures lost 25% and 78%, respectively. Urbanization and deforestation emerged as major concerns, reflecting heightened sensitivity to these transformative processes. Agricultural intensification and support policies were perceived as potential pressure sources on specific natural components. Conversely, these drivers counteracted land abandonment. Drivers such as education level and agricultural extensification were seen as levers for a more desirable land cover dynamic. Identified actions include providing targeted support for agriculture within environmental constraints, addressing land ownership fragmentation, supporting agricultural extensification, and promoting environmental awareness.

Correlation Methodologies between Land Use and Greenhouse Gas emissions: The Case of Pavia Province (Italy)

“…However, it is essential to recognize that the relationship between these socio-demographic indicators and land use is complex and contingent on various contextual factors, including urban policy, environmental regulations, cultural preferences, and resource accessibility. Therefore, while population and GDP can serve as useful indicators for understanding land use patterns broadly, integrating them with other data such as specific soil occupation data and qualitative analysis is necessary to achieve a comprehensive and accurate understanding of territorial dynamics [24,25].…”