Key Enabling Technologies for Secure and Scalable Future Fog-IoT Architecture: A Survey

Abstract

Fog or Edge computing has recently attracted broad attention from both industry and academia. It is deemed as a paradigm shift from the current centralized cloud computing model and could potentially bring a "Fog-IoT" architecture that would significantly benefit the future ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoT) systems and applications. However, it takes a series of key enabling technologies including emerging technologies to realize such a vision. In this article, we will survey these key enabling technologies with specific focuses on security and scalability, which are two very important and much-needed characteristics for future large-scale deployment. We aim to draw an overall big picture of the future for the research and development in these areas.

A Survey of State-of-the-art on Edge Computing: Theoretical Models, Technologies, Directions, and Development Paths

“…Group 7 is the overall overview of the work. Overview & Prospects [46] Architecture [6] Resource Management [8] 5G and Beyond [28] Network Slicing [1] Scalability [3] Resource Management [9] computation offloading [12] Deep Learning [23] Game Theory [27] Smart Grid [36] Architecture [7] computation offloading [13] Resource Provisioning [17] Machine Learning [19][20] Blockchain [31] Smart City [35] Industrial Internet [37] LOV [41] Platforms and Tools [44] Security and Privacy [5] Resource Management [10] computation offloading [14] Machine Learning [21] Deep Learning [24] 5G and Beyond [29] Blockchain [32][33] COVID-19 [38] UAV [40] IOV [42] Network Slicing [2] Scalability [4] computation offloading [15][16] Resource Provisioning [18] Machine Learning [22] Deep Learning [25] Auction Method [26] 5G and Beyond [30] Blockchain [34] COVID-19 [39] Video Surveillance [43] Platforms and Tools…”

“…The first group is related to edge computing properties. About network slicing, scalability, security and privacy, and architecture are reviewed and summarized in [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. For example, End-to-End (E2E) network slicing facilitates resource allocation for a wide variety of applications, and Rajkumar et al [1] extended this to fog and cloud computing by examining state-of-the-art slicing approaches in network technologies such as SDN and NFV.…”

“…Shah et al [2] provided MEC and network slicing use cases for 5G services compared to [1], detailing the latest advances, implementation techniques, solutions and standardization efforts to achieve E2E network slicing. Pan et al [3] envisioned a secure and scalable Fog-IoT architecture, such as the development of new automation tools with appropriate abstractions to allow the deployment of IoT applications on decentralized Fog nodes. Kumar et al [4] discussed multiple algorithms, objectives, approaches and their benefits used in edge/fog computing due to limitations such as bandwidth limitations, inactivity, lack of resources and various security issues, laying the foundation for system scalability and security improvement.…”

Blockchain, Fog and IoT Integrated Framework: Review, Architecture and Evaluation

“…This newly generated block should match the hash with its previous block. The IoT-based devices are worked with the Fog nodes locally first before sending the information [5]. The blockchain keeps a record of all transactions made by each device [6] (Figure 1).…”