Key events in pathogenesis of spongospora diseases in potato: a review

Balendres, Mark Angelo; Tegg, Robert S.; Wilson, C. R.

doi:10.1007/s13313-016-0398-3

Cited by 43 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…subterranea is a tuberand soilborne plasmodiophorid pathogen that causes powdery scab on tubers (Wallroth, 1842) and root disease (Ledingham, 1935) in potato (Solanum tuberosum). These tuber and root diseases are responsible for substantial financial losses to the global potato industry (Balendres et al, 2016b;Falloon et al, 2016;Wilson, 2016). The pathogen persists in the soil for many years between potato crops (De Boer, 2000;Balendres et al, 2017) as aggregates of resistant resting spores called sporosori (Kole, 1954;Falloon et al, 2011).…”

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“…The external conditions in which the resting spores persist before and after zoospore release are critical to the development of the disease (Harrison et al, 1997;Merz, 2008). Knowledge and manipulation of these conditions may be valuable for inoculum management of S. subterranea (Balendres et al, 2016b). The longevity of S. subterranea resting spores provides a significant challenge for soil inoculum management.…”

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Germinate to exterminate: chemical stimulation of Spongospora subterranea resting spore germination and its potential to diminish soil inoculum

et al. 2017

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Hoagland's solution (HS), a defined nutrient supplement for plants, has been previously reported to stimulate zoospore release from resting spores of the potato pathogen Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea. This study obtained direct empirical evidence for an increase in zoospore release with HS treatment, and identified Fe‐EDTA as the stimulant component of HS. Stimulation of resting spores by HS and Fe‐EDTA resulted in greater and earlier zoospore release compared to a distilled water control, and in the presence of a susceptible tomato host plant resulted in enhanced root infection. Given the labile nature of S. subterranea zoospores, it was postulated that stimulation of premature release of zoospores from the dormant resting spores in absence of susceptible hosts could reduce soil inoculum levels. In two glasshouse trials in the absence of host plants, both Fe‐EDTA and HS soil treatments reduced S. subterranea soil inoculum levels, providing proof of concept for the ‘germinate to exterminate’ approach to inoculum management.

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Germinate to exterminate: chemical stimulation of Spongospora subterranea resting spore germination and its potential to diminish soil inoculum

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“…Spongospora subterranea f. sp. subterranea is a soil‐borne protozoan pathogen and is best known as the causal agent of powdery scab in potato tubers (Balendres, Tegg, & Wilson, ; Harrison, Searle, & Williams, ). The pathogen persists in the soil as dormant resting spores aggregated as clusters known as sporosori (Balendres, Tegg, & Wilson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In potato, infected roots most commonly also form root galls in which new sporosori form that are released into the soil following root decay (Balendres et al., ). However, the extent of zoosporangial root infection and root galling is not necessarily well correlated (Falloon, Genet, Wallace, & Butler, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Zoosporangial root infection of tomato by Spongospora subterranea in hydroponic and glasshouse culture results in diminished plant growth

Balendres

Tegg

Amponsah

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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Tomato plants are highly susceptible to root infection by Spongospora subterranea and are commonly used as bioassay hosts. The impacts of root infection with S. subterranea on plant productivity and yield have been debated. Recent experiments with potato, the major economic host of S. subterranea, have indicated significantly reduced plant growth and potato yield following heavy infection. However, there have been very few similar studies that have examined the possible impacts of S. subterranea infection on tomato plant growth. Three tomato cultivars, “Grape,” “Roma” and “Truss,” were challenged with S. subterranea inoculum in hydroponic culture. Moderate to severe zoosporangial infections were observed with minor but statistically significant differences in susceptibility among the three tomato cultivars. Zoosporangial root infection in the absence of root gall formation resulted in significantly diminished shoot lengths and plant fresh weights in pathogen challenge tests conducted both in hydroponic culture and glasshouse‐grown plants in potting mix. Root lengths were reduced, but the differences were statistically significant in a single trial only. The findings from this study demonstrate that, as with potato, root infection by S. subterranea can result in reduced tomato plant growth and that root gall production associated with root infection was not necessary for this retardation of growth response. This further suggests that possible yield impacts in other crop species that are hosts for S. subterranea root infection are worthy of examination.

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“…This may be influenced by the presence of alternative host plants that maintain and build soil inoculum during the intercropping period (Falloon, ). Sporosori form within potato tuber lesions and in root galls (Kole, ; Balendres, Tegg, & Wilson, ). Whilst potato is recognized as the main economic host of this pathogen, surveys for field infections and experimental inoculum challenges have revealed a broad and diverse range of host plants from over 20 plant families, including monocots and dicots, weeds and crop plants (Würzer, ; Jones & Harrison, , ; Foxe, ; Andersen, Nicolaisen, & Nielsen, ; Qu & Christ, ; Arcila Aristizabal, Gonzalez Jaimes, Zuluaga Amaya, & Cotes Torres, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of opium poppy and pyrethrum to root infection by Spongospora subterranea

Clark

Rockliff

Tegg

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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Spongospora subterranea, which causes powdery scab of potato, infects a diverse range of plant species. Crop rotation as a powdery scab management tool will be compromised if pathogen hosts exist between potato crops. Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) and pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) are important crops within intensive vegetable production rotations in NW Tasmania. Measurements of S. subterranea soil inoculum within a commercial field showed pathogen amounts were substantially elevated following an opium poppy crop, which suggested host status. In glasshouse testing, opium poppy and pyrethrum were confirmed as hosts of S. subterranea, with opium poppy the more susceptible of the two. Both species were less susceptible than tomato, a known host. Observations of early growth suggested inoculation impacts on all three plant species, although at 16 (tomato and opium poppy) or 26 (pyrethrum) weeks postinoculation, only tomato had significantly reduced shoot and root development. The role of rotation crops in inoculum persistence and the possible role of S. subterranea as a minor pathogen of nonpotato crops are discussed.

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Key events in pathogenesis of spongospora diseases in potato: a review

Cited by 43 publications

References 103 publications

Germinate to exterminate: chemical stimulation of Spongospora subterranea resting spore germination and its potential to diminish soil inoculum

Germinate to exterminate: chemical stimulation of Spongospora subterranea resting spore germination and its potential to diminish soil inoculum

Zoosporangial root infection of tomato by Spongospora subterranea in hydroponic and glasshouse culture results in diminished plant growth

Susceptibility of opium poppy and pyrethrum to root infection by Spongospora subterranea

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