“…Liu et al (2007) observed that the ineffective implementations of holistic risk management still exist among Chinese construction firms in Mainland China, and are caused by a lack of formalized risk management procedures, including risk identification, analysis and control; a lack of continuity of risk management in the different stages in the project life cycle, including conceive, design, plan, allocate, execute, deliver, review and support; poor integration between risk management and other key processes, including design, estimating, planning, production, logistics, cost analysis, manufacturing, quality assurance, reliability, schedule analysis, support (e.g. maintainability), and test and evaluation; and a lack of interaction among different parties, including clients, contractors, insurers, and suppliers (Liu et al, 2007).…”