Key Largo Limestone revisited: Pleistocene shelf-edge facies, Florida Keys, USA

Multer, H. Gray; Gischler, Eberhard; Lundberg, Joyce; Simmons, Kathleen R.; Shinn, Eugene A.

doi:10.1007/bf02668083

Cited by 87 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Dating revealed a Holocene age of 2.3 ka (see Multer et al 2002a), falsifying this early hypothesis. Additional Pleistocene core samples obtained and dated by Multer et al (2002a) lying directly beneath the Holocene reef tract are not time-equivalent with the exposed limestones of the Florida Keys. Instead, they are part of younger Pleistocene MIS 5c and 5a outlier reefs of Fig.…”

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Ecological Shifts along the Florida Reef Tractin the northeast for approximately 170 km to the southwest, terminating at the Newfound Harbor Keys. The entire Pleistocene section is of variable composition and consists of at least five punctuated stratigraphic units (parasequences) separated by unconformity surfaces (Perkins 1977;Multer et al 2002a). These units record the major Pleistocene high-stands of sea level on the south Florida Peninsula.…”

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These units record the major Pleistocene high-stands of sea level on the south Florida Peninsula. Reef development in the earliest Pleistocene (Q1-Q2 units of Perkins) was restricted to the tops of a few bathymetric highs (Multer et al 2002a). Reefs developed in earnest during MIS 9 (Q3 unit of Perkins) forming a bank-barrier reef system dominated by fused massive corals (Multer et al 2002a).…”

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reef development in the earliest Pleistocene (Q1-Q2 units of Perkins) was restricted to the tops of a few bathymetric highs (Multer et al 2002a). Reefs developed in earnest during MIS 9 (Q3 unit of Perkins) forming a bank-barrier reef system dominated by fused massive corals (Multer et al 2002a). These Q3 bank-barrier reefs formed at the shelf break on a broad platform and provided the templates for late Pleistocene reef growth (Q4-Q5 units of Perkins).…”

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum elevation of the Key Largo Limestone is presently found on Windley Key; the top surface of this formation is slightly less than 6 m above sea level (Halley, Vacher, and Shinn 1997). Where the elevated portions of the Key Largo Limestone are penetrated by mechanical methods (quarrying, canal cuts, marina excavations, mosquito ditches, building foundations, and core borings) they reveal the presence of a coral-rich, reefal limestone (Pasley 1972;Hodges 1977;Harrison, Cooper, and Coniglio 1984;Multer et al 2002a).…”

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological Shifts along the Florida Reef Tract: The Past as a Key to the Future

Precht

Miller

Geological Approaches to Coral Reef Ecology

122

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Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Pleistocene Reef Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Ecological Shifts along the Florida Reef Tract: The Past as a Key to the Future

Precht

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Geological Approaches to Coral Reef Ecology

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Reef Carbonate Productivity During Quaternary Sea Level Oscillations

Husson

Pastier

Pedoja

et al. 2018

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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Global variations in reef productivity during the Quaternary depend on external parameters that may alter the global chemical balance in the oceans and atmosphere. We designed a numerical model that simulates reef growth, erosion, and sedimentation on coastlines undergoing sea level oscillations, and uplift or subsidence. We further develop a probabilistic evaluation that accounts for variable vertical ground motion, erosion, and foundation morphologies. Absolute sea level change appears primordial, as productivity must have increased by an order of magnitude since the onset of the glacial cycles, ∼2.6 Ma. But most important is relative sea level change, i.e., eustasy modulated by uplift or subsidence, that rejuvenates the accommodation space and exposes pristine domains of the shore to active reefs at each cycle. Integrated over the long‐term, vertical land motion sets the pace of reef growth: productivity in tectonically unstable domains is thus expected to be up to 10 times higher than in stable regions, if any. We quantify the global length of reef coasts and the probability density functions for slopes and uplift rates. Productivity waxes during transgressions to reach 2–8 Gt CaCO3/yr and wanes during highstands, which may contribute to increase atmospheric pCO2 by several tens of ppm during deglaciations. Over the last 1.5 Ma, reefs precipitated ∼0.8 × 106 Gt CaCO3 (∼500 × 103 km3), the equivalent of a 1 m‐thick layer spread over the entire surface of the Earth. This production modulates the calcium budget, for it represents some 30% of the modern Ca flux in the ocean.

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Karst Sub‐Basins and Their Relationship to the Transport of Tertiary Siliciclastic Sediments on the Florida Platform

Hine

Suthard

Locker

et al. 2009

Perspectives in Carbonate Geology

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Multiple, spatially restricted, partly enclosed karst sub-basins with as much as 100 m of relief occur on a mid-carbonate platform setting beneath the modern estuaries of Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor located along the west-central Florida coastline. A relatively high-amplitude seismic basement consists of the mostly carbonate, upper Oligocene to middle Miocene Arcadia Formation, which has been signifi cantly deformed into folds, sags, warps and sinkholes. Presumably, this deformation was caused during a mid-to-late Miocene sea-level lowstand by deep-seated dissolution of carbonates, evaporites or both, resulting in collapse of the overlying stratigraphy, thus creating palaeotopographic depressions.Seismic sequences containing prograding clinoforms fi lled approximately 90% of the accommodation space of these western Florida sub-basins. Borehole data indicate that sediment fi ll is mostly siliciclastic deposited within deltaic depositional systems. The sedimentary fi ll in the Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor sub-basins is mostly assigned to the upper Peace River Formation of late Miocene to early Pliocene age. This fi ll is part of a >1000 km long, Tertiary siliciclastic deposit that stretches north-to-south down peninsular Florida. Sediment fi ll of these two sub-basins is linked to erosion and remobilization of pre-existing, middle Miocene quartz-rich sediments via enhanced sediment transport by local, short-length rivers and discharge into coastalmarine depositional environments. Increased sediment discharge possibly resulted from amplifi ed thunderstorm activity and enhanced runoff during a warm period of the Pliocene.Rather than incised valley fi lls or reef-margin, backfi lled basins, Tampa Bay and Charlotte Harbor represent spatially restricted, sediment-fi lled karst palaeotopographic lows. The 'dimpling' of a carbonate platform by karst sub-basins provides a previously unrecognized mechanism for the creation of accommodation that can result in the 'drowning' of a carbonate platform by siliciclastics.

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Key Largo Limestone revisited: Pleistocene shelf-edge facies, Florida Keys, USA

Cited by 87 publications

References 69 publications

Ecological Shifts along the Florida Reef Tract: The Past as a Key to the Future

Ecological Shifts along the Florida Reef Tract: The Past as a Key to the Future

Reef Carbonate Productivity During Quaternary Sea Level Oscillations

Karst Sub‐Basins and Their Relationship to the Transport of Tertiary Siliciclastic Sediments on the Florida Platform

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