Key observations from a comprehensive FCC study on Canadian heavy gas oils from various origins: 1. Yield profiles in batch reactors

FCC coprocessing oil sands heavy gas oil and canola oil. 1. Yield structure

“…7b, overcracking phenomena are preserved with a clear indication that the occurrence of overcracking at a given temperature depends on the aromatics content of the feed-the higher the aromatics content, the lower the conversion at which the maximum appeared. The above observation agrees well with our previous findings [15,18]. Fig.…”

“…However, the higher gasoline yield of the blend is soon surpassed by that of its counterpart at elevated CTOs because of an earlier overcracking into gases and/or coke. Ng et al [15,18] reported that the position of overcracking of gasoline depends on the aromatics content in the feed. The higher the aromatics, the lower the conversion where overcracking takes place.…”

“…Each concave yield curve tends to level off at high CTOs approaching the limit of LCO precursors defined as the sum of diaromatics, 2-ring aromatic sulfur, and 1/ 2 of the 3-ring aromatic sulfur, assuming that after removing the side chains of precursors, the remaining core compounds will boil in the LCO range (221-343°C) [15,18]. For the same feed at a given CTO, LCO yield decreases consistently with temperature which is a driving force to crack large molecules (e.g., those in LCO) to smaller ones (e.g., those in gasoline and gases).…”

Review on catalysis related research at CanmetENERGY

“…The type of reactor also affects FCC product yields and qualities for the same catalyst and feed. This influence was investigated with both fixed‐bed and fluid bed MAT units, an advanced cracking evaluation (ACE) unit, and a pilot plant riser with the above‐mentioned 10 feeds . In general, at an equivalent catalyst‐to‐oil ratio, conversions decreased in the order ACE > fixed‐bed MAT > fluid bed MAT among the 3 batch reactors.…”

“…The method is independent of catalyst deactivation and the reaction order of gas‐oil cracking, enabling the model to be applicable to many systems, even non‐catalytic pyrolysis. The model was further validated using the FCC MAT results obtained with 10 VGOs derived from Canadian oil sands bitumen …”