The gas outburst in coalmines is influenced by multiple factors. These influencing factors are highly uncertain and have complex nonlinear relationships. Considering these features, this paper puts forward a gas outburst prediction model based on data mining and information fusion. On the feature level, the backpropagation neural network (BPNN) was selected to set up a gas outburst identification model, thanks to its strong self-learning ability, and then optimized by the improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO); then, the outputs of the optimized BPNN were taken as the identification results, and used to establish a feature database. On the decision level, the Dempster-Shafter (D-S) theory of evidence was introduced to fuse the identification results in the time domain and the spatial domain, and make decisions on the gas state of the coalmine based on the fused data. Finally, the proposed model was applied the predict the gas outburst in a coalmining area of a coalmine in Shanxi Province, China, using the data collected from the workface, intake airway, return airway and transport roadway. Our model fuses the data on two layers, namely, the time domain and the spatial domain, and reduces the prediction uncertainty to zero. The results show that our model can optimize the prediction parameters, enhance the accuracy of gas monitoring information, and improve the correctness of decisions concerning gas outburst in the coalmine.