Key to Finnish Mire Types

Eurola, Seppo; Hicks, Sheila; Kaakinen, Eero

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-505580-2.50006-4

Cited by 128 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The horizontal gradient from seep to fen and rock plots, reflecting the decreasing amount of Warnstorfia sarmentosa, can be interpreted to represent the general wetness of the ground surface, the seep plots occupying the wettest sites (flark level, carpet) and the rest of the plots the less wet sites (lawn and hummock levels) (Sjörs 1948, Eurola & Kaakinen 1978, Eurola et al 1984, 1995 (Figure 7). The occurrence of Warnstorfia sarmentosa in a prominent position in relatively wet sites is shown in a comprehensive vegetation study of Persson (1961) in Swedish North Scandes.…”

Section: Gradients Variables and Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The forest vegetation on the slopes of Koitelainen has not been studied either, but a variety of the boreal forest types Figure 1. Location of Koitelainen Hill (•), other localities mentioned in the text (×), the mire zone and section division of Eurola & Vorren (1980) and the area with the sample plot material from sloping lawn fens (Sl) of eastern Finland (Havas 1961 of northern Finland (Kalela 1961) Eurola et al 1984 andEurola et al 1995).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sample plots of Loeskypnum badium fen according to Ruuhijärvi (1960) and Eurola et al (1984Eurola et al ( , 1995 are from three localities. Fen plots 1-5 and 8 are from the gently sloping lawn fen north of Isolaki summit ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Fen 1-9mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…according to the dominant species and location of the vegetation (the sample plot groups were 'heath', 'rock', 'fen' and 'seep'). At the same time, the placement of sample plots took into consideration species composition and mire type, according to the Finnish mire site typology which is itself based on species composition (Ruuhijärvi 1960, Eurola et al 1984, 1995 (Table 1).…”

Section: Sample Plot Groups and Localitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Loeskypnum badium fen (Eurola et al 1984(Eurola et al , 1995, belonging to intermediate fens, is a Finnish mire site type originally described by Ruuhijärvi (1960) (Drepanocladus badius Braunmoor-Weissmoor) from northern Finland. Vegetation of this type usually occupies only small areas, being characteristic of gently sloping sites in fens in areas with relatively infertile (siliceous etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

Laitinen

Oksanen

Kaakinen³

et al. 2017

Annales Botanici Fennici

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SUMMARYPatches of intermediate fen, dominated by Molinia caerulea, Trichophorum cespitosum and Loeskypnum badium and resembling low aapa mire strings (lawn strings), were found on a sloping rock outcrop near the summit of Koitelainen Hill, central Finnish Lapland. Using eighteen 56-cm diameter plots and NMSordination we compared the vegetation of the patches to that of (A) corresponding larger fens belonging to a well-known north-Finnish mire site type Loeskypnum badium fen, (B) to that of narrow seepage soaks dominated by Warnstorfia sarmentosa, and (C) to that of a local heath patch. Ordination of the sample plots suggested a 'horizontal gradient' (general wetness) and three 'vertical gradients' (1: stability of the water regime; 2: poor-rich species; 3: frost action). Species richness increased along both the horizontal and the vertical gradient, from wet seepage areas to drier Loeskypnum badium fens, to intermediate fen patches and finally to the heterogeneous heath patch. We regard the fen patches of Koitelainen as belonging to an ecologically extreme group, the water-fluctuating lawn-fens. The water-fluctuating lawn-fens are characterised by a thin peat layer with high humification degree, caused by intermittent aeration during drought periods, as well as by the specific community composition, which is evidently partly structured by the seasonal drought tolerances of individual fen species.

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Section: Gradients Variables and Species Richnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fen 1-9mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Plot Groups and Localitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

Laitinen

Oksanen

Kaakinen³

et al. 2017

Annales Botanici Fennici

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The effects of temperature and nitrogen and sulfur additions on carbon accumulation in a nutrient‐poor boreal mire: Decadal effects assessed using ²¹⁰Pb peat chronologies

et al. 2014

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Boreal peatlands are a major long-term reservoir of atmospheric carbon (C) and play an important role in the global C cycle. It is unclear how C accumulation in peatlands responds to changing temperatures and nutrients (specifically, nitrogen and sulfur). In this study, we assessed how the C input rate and C accumulation rate in decadal old peat layers respond to increased air temperatures (+3.6°C) during the growing season and the annual additions of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) (30 and 20 kg ha À1 yr À1, respectively) over 12 years of field treatments in a boreal mire. An empirical mass balance model was applied to 210 Pb-dated peat cores to evaluate changes in C inputs, C mass loss, and net C accumulation rates in response to the treatments. We found that (i) none of the treatments generated a significant effect on peat mass loss decay rates, (ii) C input rates were positively affected by N additions and negatively affected by S additions, (iii) the C accumulation rate in the uppermost (10 to 12 cm) peat was increased by N additions and decreased by S additions, and (iv) only air temperature significantly affected the main effects induced by N and S additions. Based on our findings, we argue that C accumulation rates in surface peat layers of nutrient-poor boreal mires can increase despite the predicted rise in air temperatures as long as N loads increase and acid atmospheric S remains low.

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Twelve year interannual and seasonal variability of stream carbon export from a boreal peatland catchment

et al. 2016

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Understanding stream carbon export dynamics is needed to accurately predict how the carbon balance of peatland catchments will respond to climatic and environmental change. We used a 12 year record (2003–2014) of continuous streamflow and manual spot measurements of total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), methane (CH4), and organic carbon quality (carbon‐specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm per dissolved organic carbon) to assess interannual and seasonal variability in stream carbon export for a peatland catchment (70% mire and 30% forest cover) in northern Sweden. Mean annual total carbon export for the 12 year period was 12.2 gCm−2 yr−1, but individual years ranged between 6 and 18 gCm−2 yr−1. TOC, which was primarily composed of dissolved organic carbon (>99%), was the dominant form of carbon being exported, comprising 63% to 79% of total annual exports, and DIC contributed between 19% and 33%. CH4 made up less than 5% of total export. When compared to previously published annual net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for the studied peatland system, stream carbon export typically accounted for 12 to 50% of NEE for most years. However, in 2006 stream carbon export accounted for 63 to 90% (estimated uncertainty range) of NEE due to a dry summer which suppressed NEE, followed by a wet autumn that resulted in considerable stream export. Runoff exerted a primary control on stream carbon export from this catchment; however, our findings suggest that seasonal variations in biologic and hydrologic processes responsible for production and transport of carbon within the peatland were secondary influences on stream carbon export. Consideration of these seasonal dynamics is needed when predicting stream carbon export response to environmental change.

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Key to Finnish Mire Types

Cited by 128 publications

References 4 publications

Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

The effects of temperature and nitrogen and sulfur additions on carbon accumulation in a nutrient‐poor boreal mire: Decadal effects assessed using ²¹⁰Pb peat chronologies

Twelve year interannual and seasonal variability of stream carbon export from a boreal peatland catchment

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Key to Finnish Mire Types

Cited by 128 publications

References 4 publications

Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

Regional and Vegetation-Ecological Patterns in Northern Boreal Flark Fens of Finnish Lapland: Analysis from a Classic Material

The effects of temperature and nitrogen and sulfur additions on carbon accumulation in a nutrient‐poor boreal mire: Decadal effects assessed using 210Pb peat chronologies

Twelve year interannual and seasonal variability of stream carbon export from a boreal peatland catchment

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The effects of temperature and nitrogen and sulfur additions on carbon accumulation in a nutrient‐poor boreal mire: Decadal effects assessed using ²¹⁰Pb peat chronologies