Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular Disease

Sarnak, Mark J.; Levey, Andrew S.; Schoolwerth, Anton C.; Coresh, Josef; Culleton, Bruce F.; Hamm, L. Lee; McCullough, Peter A.; Kasiske, Bertram L.; Kelepouris, Ellie; Klag, Michael J.; Parfrey, Patrick S.; Pfeffer, Marc A.; Raij, Leopoldo; Spinosa, David J.; Wilson, Peter W.F.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000095676.90936.80

Cited by 3,061 publications

(808 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Traditional CVD risk factors, such as older age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, often coexist with CKD,23, 24 whereas healthy lifestyle habits (normal body weight, not smoking, regular exercise, moderate alcohol intake, consumption of breakfast cereals, and consumption of fruits and vegetables) were individually and jointly associated with a lower lifetime risk of incident CVD 25, 26. Atherosclerosis could be another important factor linking impaired kidney function and the risk of incident CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Prevalent and Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults: Results From the REACTION Study

Lu¹,

et al. 2016

JAHA

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BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the association of mildly reduced kidney function with CVD risk is unclear.Methods and ResultsThis study investigated the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with prevalent CVDs, 10‐year Framingham risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), and 10‐year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) in 239 832 participants from the baseline of the Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a lONgitudinal study. With an interviewer‐assisted questionnaire, we collected information on CVD, including reported CHD, stroke, or myocardial infarction. Chronic Kidney Disease–Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD‐EPI) equation was used to calculate eGFR. Compared with individuals with normal eGFR (≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m2), those with decreased eGFR (75–89, 60–74, and <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2) had higher risk of prevalent obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in both men and women (P for trend all <0.001). Moreover, a significantly higher 10‐year Framingham risk for CHD and 10‐year risk for ASCVD was observed in both men and women with mildly decreased eGFR (60–89 mL/min per 1.73 m2).ConclusionsEven mildly reduced eGFR (under 90 mL/min per 1.73 m2) is associated with elevated 10‐year Framingham risk for CHD and 10‐year ASCVD risk among Chinese adults.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Prevalent and Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults: Results From the REACTION Study

Lu¹,

et al. 2016

JAHA

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“…Approximately 50% of patients with CKD will die of cardiovascular complications 2. Indeed, patients with CKD are more likely to die of CVD than they are to reach end‐stage renal disease 3, 4. The increased risk of CVD in this patient population is only partially explained by traditional (Framingham)5, 6 risk factors, and “nontraditional” factors likely influence the risk of CVD 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Microparticles and Systemic Complement Activation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Jalal

Renner

Laskowski

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundEndothelial microparticles are associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and complement activation. We hypothesized that the complement pathway is activated in patients with CKD via endothelial microparticles and that complement activation correlates with endothelial dysfunction in CKD.Methods and ResultsWe analyzed complement data of 30 healthy subjects, 30 patients with stage III/IV CKD, and 30 renal transplant recipients with stage III/IV CKD, evaluating the potential correlation of complement fragments with brachial artery flow–mediated dilation, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration glomerular filtration rate, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Endothelial microparticles were characterized via proteomic analysis and compared between study groups. Complement fragment Ba was significantly increased in CKD and post–kidney transplant CKD. Plasma Ba levels correlated significantly with lower brachial artery flow–mediated dilation, lower Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration glomerular filtration rate, and higher urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Factor D levels were significantly higher in the plasma microparticles of patients with CKD versus healthy controls. Plasma microparticles isolated from patients with CKD and containing factor D activated the alternative pathway in vitro.ConclusionThe alternative complement pathway is activated in CKD and correlates with endothelial dysfunction and markers of CKD. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether endothelial microparticles with increased factor D play a pathologic role in CKD‐associated vascular disease.Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02230202.

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“…Renal dysfunction is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the main cause of death in that group [2]. The most common manifestation of IRF is reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which is observed in about 30-50% of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal function on admission affects both treatment strategy and long-term outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction (from the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes)

et al. 2017

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Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Development of Cardiovascular Disease

Cited by 3,061 publications

References 187 publications

Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Prevalent and Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults: Results From the REACTION Study

Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Prevalent and Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults: Results From the REACTION Study

Endothelial Microparticles and Systemic Complement Activation in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Renal function on admission affects both treatment strategy and long-term outcomes of patients with myocardial infarction (from the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes)

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