Kidney disease associated with androgenic–anabolic steroids and vitamin supplements abuse: Be aware!

Filho, Sérgio Luiz Arruda Parente; Gomes, Pedro Eduardo Andrade de Carvalho; Forte, Guilherme Aguiar; Lima, Laio Ladislau Lopes; Júnior, Geraldo Bezerra da Silva; Meneses, Gdayllon Cavalcante; Martins, Alice Maria Costa; Daher, Elizabeth De Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2019.06.003

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Some other components of pumpkin which may affect renal function are vitamins A and E [ 24 ]. Rats with pumpkin in their diet had definitely higher supply of vitamins A and E than did those receiving the standard diet, and excessive amounts of these vitamins can lead to glomerular hyperfiltration and hypercalcemia [ 43 ]. The biologically active form of vitamin A is retinoic acid, which can lead to the progression of glomerular disease [ 44 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats

Wawrzyniak

Gramza‐Michałowska

Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to evaluate the effects of enriched pumpkin on calcium status in ovariectomized rats. The study was conducted in sixty female Wistar rats, which were divided into six groups: a group fed a standard diet (C) and five ovariectomized groups fed a standard diet (OVX_C) or a diet with calcium lactate (CaL), with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin (P_CaL), with calcium lactate and alendronate (CaL_B), or with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin with alendronate (P_CaL_B). After 12 weeks of the intervention, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood and tissues were collected. The calcium concentrations in serum and in tissues were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Serum concentrations of procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), parathyroid hormone PTH, estrogen (ES), and osteocalcin (OC) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was found that enriched pumpkin increased the calcium level in the kidneys (194.13 ± 41.01 mg) compared to the C (87.88 ± 12.42 mg) and OVX_C (79.29 ± 7.66 mg) groups. The addition of alendronate increased the calcium level in the femurs (267.63 ± 23.63 mg) and more than six times in the kidneys (541.33 ± 62.91 mg) compared to the OVX_C group (234.53 ± 21.67 mg and 87.88 ± 12.42 mg, respectively). We found that the CaL, P_CaL, and CaL_B groups had significantly lower PINP serum concentrations (4.45 ± 0.82 ng/mL, 4.14 ± 0.69 ng/mL, and 3.77 ± 0.33 ng/mL) and higher PTH serum levels (3.39 ± 0.54 ng/dL, 3.38 ± 0.57 ng/dL, and 3.47 ± 0.28 ng/dL) than the OVX_C group (4.69 ± 0.82 ng/mL and 2.59 ± 0.45 ng/dL, respectively). In conclusion, pumpkin enriched with calcium lactate affects calcium status and normalizes PINP and PTH serum levels in ovariectomized rats. Diet with enriched pumpkin and alendronate increase calcium concentration in the femur. Enriched pumpkin causes calcium to accumulate in the kidneys of ovariectomized rats; alendronate significantly exacerbates this effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats

Wawrzyniak

Gramza‐Michałowska

Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…Vascular disease and hypercoagulability lead to microcirculatory disfunction in sensible organs such as the heart, brain, and kidney. Parente et al unraveled the pathophysiology behind the kidney injury due to AAS use [22]. miR-21 and miR-205 are newly identified and useful biomarkers that can be used to detect the potential damage of AAS consumption on kidney tissue, including fibrotic changes connected to their known adverse effects on renal and cardiovascular function [90,91].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Cardiac and Metabolic Pathology Induced by Steroid Abuse in a Young Individual

2021

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Androgenic-Anabolic Steroids (AAS) abuse is known to play an important role in causing the systemic inflammatory response and multiple-organ dysfunction in healthy individuals. Although many of the undesirable effects of steroid abuse have been reported, at present, little is known about the effect of anabolic supplements and the correlation between cardiac and metabolic pathology. This paper presents a case of a 25 year old patient with a complex medical history after 6 months of steroid administration. Myocardial infraction, dyslipidemia, obesity, hyperuricemia, secondary diabetes, and chronic renal disease were identified after clinical and para-clinical examinations. The particularities of this case were interpreted in the context of a literature review, highlighting the effect of multi-organ damage as a result of the uncontrolled use of anabolic steroid supplements.

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“…This is a clear example of hepato-renal syndrome manifested as combined liver and kidney disorders [20]. Some researchers suggest that AAS at high concentrations can cause direct renal toxicity due to interstitial and glomerular damages [21]. Johnson et al have reported Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in four patients with aplastic anemia after longterm therapy with AAS [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Saffron (Crocus Sativus) on Oxymetholone-induced Hepatic and Renal Injury in Rats

Kheirandish

Saberi

Azizi

et al. 2021

IJT

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Background: Oxymetholone, an anabolic-androgenic steroid, has been used to treat some diseases. The abuse of this compound, especially for muscle growth, has severe oxidative side effects on the liver and kidneys. Oxidative stress and free radicals are responsible for the development of various diseases. Phytochemicals are sources of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, etc. and may act as scavengers of free radicals. Saffron (Crocus sativus) has considerable antioxidant properties, which may be useful in reversing or preventing these negative effects. Methods: To evaluate the effects of saffron on the liver and kidneys degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone, 24 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each as: a) sham (normal saline, 40 mg/kg/day), b) saffron control (40 mg/kg/day), c) oxymetholone (50 mg/rat), and d) treatment group [saffron (40 mg/kg/day)+oxymetholone (50 mg/rat)]. The course of examination was 30 days. Results: After one month, the sham and saffron control groups had normal histological findings. The treatment group with saffron showed a significant reduction in the hepatic and renal degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone compared to those observed in group. Conclusion: Based on the histopathological results, the use of saffron produced protective effects against the degenerative changes in rats’ liver and kidneys induced by oxymetholone.

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Kidney disease associated with androgenic–anabolic steroids and vitamin supplements abuse: Be aware!

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats

Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats

Severe Cardiac and Metabolic Pathology Induced by Steroid Abuse in a Young Individual

The Effect of Saffron (Crocus Sativus) on Oxymetholone-induced Hepatic and Renal Injury in Rats

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