“…In axSpA, there are often extra-articular manifestations of the disease that are part of the SpA concept, but also those that are not. Considering the organ system affected, they can be divided into: ocular manifestations (uveitis—mostly unilateral, acute, anterior uveitis) ( 5 ), gastrointestinal (inflammatory bowel disease) ( 6 , 7 ), skin (psoriasis) ( 8 ), bone (osteoporosis and associated low energy vertebral fractures) ( 9 ), cardiovascular (conduction disorders, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, aortitis, pericarditis, vasculitis) ( 10 - 13 ), renal disease (IgA glomerulonephritis, amyloid deposition, microhaematuria, microalbuminuria, impaired renal function) ( 14 ) and pulmonary manifestations, described in detail later.…”