Kidney Disease in HIV-Positive Children

McCulloch, Mignon; Ray, Patricio E.

doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2008.09.001

Cited by 49 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Renal involvement occurs in 2-15 % of HIV-infected children in the United States [126][127][128]. Since the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART), however, the incidence of end-stage renal disease in HIV infection in both adults and children in industrialized countries has declined, but it is predicted that the dramatic decline in AIDS-related deaths will lead to an ageing population of HIV-infected individuals who will be at risk of non-HIV-related renal problems, such that the numbers of HIV-positive ESRD patients will increase in the United States [129].…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is discussed more fully below. Glomerular syndromes other than HIVAN include a range of immune-mediated syndromes (HIV immune-complex kidney disease (HIVICK)) including MGN that resembles lupus nephritis and immune-complex GN, with IgA nephropathy and HCV-associated MPGN being the most common forms [126,127]. There have also been several case reports of amyloid kidney.…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar responses have been reported to treatment with corticosteroids in various studies; however, steroids are not currently recommended for the routine management of HIVAN. There has been short-term improvement in kidney function in children with lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis, but there is the risk of exacerbation of infection with TB when used in developing countries, and in the absence of HAART, it has not been shown to limit the progression of HIVAN in children [126][127][128].…”

Section: Hiv Immune-complex Kidney Disease (Hivick)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Infectious Diseases and the Kidney in Children

Stevens¹,

Herberg²,

Levin³

2014

Pediatric Nephrology

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Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hiv Immune-complex Kidney Disease (Hivick)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infectious Diseases and the Kidney in Children

Stevens¹,

Herberg²,

Levin³

2014

Pediatric Nephrology

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“…These factors include limited availability and access to basic healthcare facilities, lack of communication on preventive measures, lack of transportation, and a number of barriers to the implementation of pediatric antiretroviral therapy. Without treatment, approximately half of the infected children will die by the age of two due to opportunistic infections [3]. Fortunately considerable progress has been made towards the elimination of HIV among children with the increase in the antiretroviral therapy coverage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Albuminuria among HIV Ivorian Children, Using the Dipstick Method

Melanie¹,

Eugene²,

Amelie³

et al. 2018

OJNeph

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Context: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children are at risk of developing chronic kidney disease defined by decreased glomerular filtration rate and or proteinuria. Studies on the prevalence of and risk factors for proteinuria among HIV-infected children in sub-Saharan Africa are scarce and in Cote d'Ivoire, there is paucity of reported data. We determined the prevalence of and the risk factors for proteinuria among HIV-infected Ivorian children in both ART (antiretroviral therapy)-naïve and ART-exposed children. Method: It was a cross-sectional bi-centric study, conducted from July 2013 to April 2014. Each child's urine was tested for proteinuria and microalbuminuria using multi test strips and mitral test, respectively. Proteinuria was defined as of significant of 1+ and above on the dipstick or the presence of microalbuminuria ≥ 20 mg/l. Results: Of the 155 HIV-infected children enrolled, there were 78 boys.Sixty seven point seven percent were treated with antiretroviral and 74.1% had treatment duration of less than 5 years. In the first dipstick test, the prevalence of proteinuria was 29% which persisted in 9.7% after 24 hour urinary protein examination. It was significantly different between the 2 groups treated and naïve (2.8% versus 24%). The advanced CDC clinical stage emerged as the main independent determinant of proteinuria. Conclusion: Proteinuria is common in HIV-infected Ivorian children. Screening for proteinuria in HIV-infected children will help in early and treatment, and thus prevention and progression to chronic kidney disease to end-stage kidney disease.

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“…Proteinuria in patients with glomerular diseases due to HIV ranges from asymptomatic microalbuminuria to full-blown nephrotic syndrome [4]. Children with HIV-related kidney disease may also develop acute kidney injury, thrombotic microangiopathies (including atypical forms of haemolytic uraemic syndrome) and some may progress to chronic kidney disease [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%