Kidney function changes with aging in adults: comparison between cross‐sectional and longitudinal data analyses in renal function assessment

Abstract

The study evaluated whether the renal function decline rate per year with age in adults varies based on two primary statistical analyses: cross-section (CS), using one observation per subject, and longitudinal (LT), using multiple observations per subject over time. A total of 16628 records (3946 subjects; age range 30-92 years) of creatinine clearance and relevant demographic data were used. On average, four samples per subject were collected for up to 2364 days (mean: 793 days). A simple linear regression and random coefficient models were selected for CS and LT analyses, respectively. The renal function decline rates per year were 1.33 and 0.95 ml/min/year for CS and LT analyses, respectively, and were slower when the repeated individual measurements were considered. The study confirms that rates are different based on statistical analyses, and that a statistically robust longitudinal model with a proper sampling design provides reliable individual as well as population estimates of the renal function decline rates per year with age in adults. In conclusion, our findings indicated that one should be cautious in interpreting the renal function decline rate with aging information because its estimation was highly dependent on the statistical analyses. From our analyses, a population longitudinal analysis (e.g. random coefficient model) is recommended if individualization is critical, such as a dose adjustment based on renal function during a chronic therapy.

Risk factor analysis of acute kidney injury after one-stop hybrid coronary revascularization

“…The present study identified that advanced age (≥75 years) was an independent risk factor of developing AKI after one-stop HCR, and the risk of postoperative AKI increases significantly in elderly patients (OR 5.44, P=0.014). It is well-accepted that renal function declines with age (27,29,30). Consistent with the literature, the mean eGFR in (31)(32)(33).…”

Quantification of Single-Kidney Function and Volume in Living Kidney Donors Using Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI

“…A normal adaptive renal functional response to nephrectomy involves an immediate (< 1 week) increase of approximately 40% in renal blood flow and GFR [31,32]; these changes are sustained through the early postdonation (≈ 1 year) and late postdonation (≈ 6 years) periods [33]. The age-related decline in GFR, primarily initiated after the age of 40 years, is shown to be approximately 1 mL/min/y [34][35][36]. In our study, we found a significant correlation between donor age and iohexol GFR.…”

Longevity-associated mitochondrial DNA 5178 C/A polymorphism modifies effect of aging on renal function in male Japanese health checkup examinees: an exploratory cross-sectional study

“…Fifth, although the cross-sectional study design can propose causal links, it cannot establish credible causality. Moreover, Chung et al recommended longitudinal analysis to estimate and predict renal function decline rate with aging [38]. To overcome the abovementioned limitations, a prospective cohort study with a larger sample size including several populations is required.…”