Kidney Stone Disease and Osteoporosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Abstract

Purpose We analysed whether kidney stone disease is a risk factor for osteoporosis by conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Methods The SNPs associated with kidney stones were mainly derived from a large genome-wide association study that included 395,044 cases. We identified 46 SNPs that were considered to be strongly associated with the occurrence of kidney stones at a genome-wide significance level, independently inherited and without any linkage disequilibrium, and the above SNPs were selected as instrumental variables for this study. We selected several datasets on bone mineral density grouped by age and common measurement areas. A random-effects model using primarily IVW analysis was used to predict whether BMD levels were considered to change. Results The MR analysis shows that kidney stones were considered a possible cause of decreased total-body BMD (Beta=-3.5006, p-value = 0.0003) and in a subgroup analysis of the total-body BMD sample based on age grouping, the results showed that in the subgroup excluding the age grouping of 30 to 45 years, almost In all subgroups, kidney stones could be considered to be the cause of the decrease in total-body BMD. Among the specific sites of decreased BMD caused by kidney stones, the results showed that the occurrence of kidney stones caused a decrease in forearm BMD (p-value < 0.0001), heel BMD (p = 0.0088) and lumbar spine BMD (p = 0.0184). Conclusion This study supports renal stone disease as a risk factor for osteoporosis.