Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (<scp>KIR</scp>) gene diversity in a population naturally exposed to malaria in Porto Velho, Northern Brazil

Perce-da-Silva, Daiana de Souza; Silva, L. A.; Lima-Junior, Josué da Costa; Cardoso-Oliveira, Juliana; Ribeiro-Alves, Marcelo; Santos, Fernando J.; Porto, Luís Cristóvão; Oliveira-Ferreira, Joseli; Banic, Dalma Maria

doi:10.1111/tan.12523

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The three Mexican populations evaluated clustered together with the Chilean and Venezuelan populations [ 55 , 56 , 57 ]. In addition, three out of the five Brazilian populations analyzed clustered with the Panamanian population [ 58 , 59 , 60 ] and the remaining two clustered with the Argentinian population [ 61 ]. Interestingly, Uruguayan and Colombian populations did not cluster with other Central and South American populations suggesting differences in the genetic composition of KIR genes ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Diversity in an Admixed South American Population

Castrillon

Marin

Karduss-Urueta

et al. 2022

Cells

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Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that mediate antiviral and antitumor responses. NK cell activation and induction of effector functions are tightly regulated by the integration of activating and inhibitory receptors such as killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). KIR genes are characterized by a high degree of diversity due to presence or absence, gene copy number and allelic polymorphism. The aim of this study was to establish the distribution of KIR genes and genotypes, to infer the most common haplotypes in an admixed Colombian population and to compare these KIR gene frequencies with some Central and South American populations and worldwide. A total of 161 individuals from Medellin, Colombia were included in the study. Genomic DNA was used for KIR and HLA genotyping. We analyzed only KIR gene-content (presence or absence) based on PCR-SSO. The KIR genotype, most common haplotypes and combinations of KIR and HLA ligands frequencies were estimated according to the presence or absence of KIR and HLA genes. Dendrograms, principal component (PC) analysis and Heatmap analysis based on genetic distance were constructed to compare KIR gene frequencies among Central and South American, worldwide and Amerindian populations. The 16 KIR genes analyzed were distributed in 37 different genotypes and the 7 most frequent KIR inferred haplotypes. Importantly, we found three new genotypes not previously reported in any other ethnic group. Our genetic distance, PC and Heatmap analysis revealed marked differences in the distribution of KIR gene frequencies in the Medellin population compared to worldwide populations. These differences occurred mainly in the activating KIR isoforms, which are more frequent in our population, particularly KIR3DS1. Finally, we observed unique structural patterns of genotypes, which evidences the potential diversity and variability of this gene family in our population, and the need for exhaustive genetic studies to expand our understanding of the KIR gene complex in Colombian populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Diversity in an Admixed South American Population

Castrillon

Marin

Karduss-Urueta

et al. 2022

Cells

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“…Genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 were commonly found (> 5% frequency) as seen in previous studies of the Thai population. To compare KIR genotype with other populations, the genotype frequencies of Asians (Chinese Han, Mongolian and north Indian), Europeans (Italian and English) and Amerindian (north Brazilian) were included, showing that genotype IDs 1 and 2 were the most common genotypes (> 10% frequency) in Amerindian, Europeans and most Asians (NETs, Thais, Chinese Han and Mongolian), whereas other genotypes varied among populations. Individually, the frequencies of all KIR genotypes in north Indians were < 10%, with the most common genotype found at 9·3%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel KIR genotypes and gene copy number variations in northeastern Thais

et al. 2017

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KIR (Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor) variants influence immune responses and are genetic factors in disease susceptibility. Using sequence-specific priming PCR, we have previously described the diversity of KIR genes in term of presence/absence in northeastern Thais (NETs). To provide additional resolution beyond conventional methods, quantitative PCR was applied to determine KIR copy number profiles. Novel expanded and contracted KIR copy number profiles were identified at cumulatively high frequencies. These all comprise haplotypes with duplication (6·9%) or deletion (2·7%) of KIR3DL1/S1 along with adjacent genes. Five expanded KIR profiles comprised haplotypes with duplications of KIR2DP1, 2DL1, 3DP1, 2DL4, 3DL1/S1 and 2DS1/4, whereas two contracted profiles contained only a single copy of KIR3DP1, 3DL1/S1 and 2DL4. Using a KIR haplotype prediction program (KIR Haplotype Identifier), 14% of NET haplotypes carried atypical haplotypes based on the gene copy number data.

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“…These high frequencies are similar to those in other Brazilian populations, including Rio de Janeiro. (22,31,(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) NK cells are fast-acting innate immune cells that provide a first line of defence of the immune system by killing direct the microorganism and/or the infected cells and producing pro-inflammatory cytokines. And indirectly, NK cells regulate adaptive immunity via crosstalk with dendritic cells and by the production of chemokines and cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…KIR genes have been described as risk or protective factors in different inflammatory ocular diseases (12,13,14) and are also associated with many other infectious diseases. (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) To date, KIR receptors with ocular toxoplasmosis involving recurrence events have been examined in only one study. (23) Some studies suggest that the development of ocular lesions is a result of host genetic susceptibility and exposure to virulent strains.…”

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confidence: 99%

A straightforward one-step strategy for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and screening of variants of concern: a multicentre study

Fontana-Maurell

Motta

Arruda

et al. 2023

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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BACKGROUND Recurrence is a hallmark of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT), and conditions that influence its occurrence remain a challenge. Natural killer cells (NK) are effectors cells whose primary is cytotoxic function against many parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii. Among the NK cell receptors, immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) deserve attention due to their high polymorphism.OBJECTIVES This study aimed to analyse the influence of KIR gene polymorphism in the course of OT infection and its association with recurrences after an active episode.METHODS Ninety-six patients from the Ophthalmologic Clinic of the National Institute of Infectology Evandro Chagas were followed for up to five years. After DNA extraction, genotyping of the patients was performed by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) utilising Luminex equipment for reading. During follow-up, 60.4% had a recurrence.FINDINGS We identified 25 KIR genotypes and found a higher frequency of genotype 1 (31.7%) with worldwide distribution. We note that the KIR2DL2 inhibitor gene and the gene activator KIR2DS2 were more frequent in patients without recurrence. Additionally, we observed that individuals who carry these genes progressed recurrence episodes slowly compared to individuals who do not carry these genes.MAIN CONCLUSIONS The KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 are associated as possible protection markers against ocular toxoplasmosis recurrence (OTR).

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Killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) gene diversity in a population naturally exposed to malaria in Porto Velho, Northern Brazil

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Diversity in an Admixed South American Population

Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Diversity in an Admixed South American Population

Novel KIR genotypes and gene copy number variations in northeastern Thais

A straightforward one-step strategy for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and screening of variants of concern: a multicentre study

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