Fe(III) complexes with N-heterocyclic
carbene
(NHC) ligands belong to the rare examples of Earth-abundant transition
metal complexes with long-lived luminescent charge-transfer excited
states that enable applications as photosensitizers for charge separation
reactions. We report three new hexa-NHC complexes
of this class: [Fe(brphtmeimb)2]PF6 (brphtmeimb
= [(4-bromophenyl)tris(3-methylimidazoline-2-ylidine)borate]–, [Fe(meophtmeimb)2]PF6 (meophtmeimb = [(4-methoxyphenyl)tris(3-methylimidazoline-2-ylidine)borate]–, and [Fe(coohphtmeimb)2]PF6 (coohphtmeimb
= [(4-carboxyphenyl)tris(3-methylimidazoline-2-ylidine)borate]–. These were derived from the parent complex [Fe(phtmeimb)2]PF6 (phtmeimb = [phenyltris(3-methylimidazoline-2-ylidine)borate]– by modification with electron-withdrawing and electron-donating
substituents, respectively, at the 4-phenyl position of the ligand
framework. All three Fe(III) hexa-NHC complexes were
characterized by NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectroscopy,
elemental analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, electrochemistry,
Mößbauer spectroscopy, electronic spectroscopy, magnetic
susceptibility measurements, and quantum chemical calculations. Their
ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (2LMCT) excited states
feature nanosecond lifetimes (1.6–1.7 ns) and sizable emission
quantum yields (1.7–1.9%) through spin-allowed transition to
the doublet ground state (2GS), completely in line with
the parent complex [Fe(phtmeimb)2]PF6 (2.0 ns
and 2.1%). The integrity of the favorable excited state characteristics
upon substitution of the ligand framework demonstrates the robustness
of the scorpionate motif that tolerates modifications in the 4-phenyl
position for applications such as the attachment in molecular or hybrid
assemblies.