Kin recognition in a butterfly: inferences about its heritability

Nardin, Janaína de; Silva, Luciana Da; Araújo, Aldo Mellender de‏

doi:10.1080/03949370.2016.1146801

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…These figures mean that 81% of the offspring from this family showed kin recognition behavior. This high prevalence of kin recognition within a family is in accordance with our previous report, in which we presented evidence for the heritability of kin recognition ( De Nardin et al , 2017 ). Another possibility, which cannot be entirely discarded, is that this unusual spectrum of phenotypes is due to the effect of genes associated with cannibalism itself, rather than kin recognition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The larger the effect size and the size of the population, the greater the heritability, and the smaller the distance between the QTL and the marker, the easier it becomes to detect the QTL ( Ferreira and Gratapaglia, 1995 ). We have previously estimated the heritability of the non-cannibalism phenotype to lie around 20% ( De Nardin et al , 2017 ); this relatively low value makes it difficult to detect the underlying QTLs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is an example of kin recognition, which can be strictly defined as the ability to identify a relationship as identical by descent ( Hamilton, 1964a , b ; Breed, 2014 ). In a recent study published by our group, we found a genetic component to the non-cannibalistic behavior, a characteristic associated with the recognition of relatedness ( De Nardin et al , 2017 ). We observed that the frequency of non-cannibalism increases in offspring of inbred crosses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Association between molecular markers and behavioral phenotypes in the immatures of a butterfly

et al. 2018

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Newly hatched caterpillars of the butterfly Heliconius erato phyllis routinely cannibalize eggs. In a manifestation of kin recognition they cannibalize sibling eggs less frequently than unrelated eggs. Previous work has estimated the heritability of kin recognition in H. erato phyllis to lie between 14 and 48%. It has furthermore been shown that the inheritance of kin recognition is compatible with a quantitative model with a threshold. Here we present the results of a preliminary study, in which we tested for associations between behavioral kin recognition phenotypes and AFLP and SSR markers. We implemented two experimental approaches: (1) a cannibalism test using sibling eggs only, which allowed for only two behavioral outcomes (cannibal and non-cannibal), and (2) a cannibalism test using two sibling eggs and one unrelated egg, which allowed four outcomes [cannibal who does not recognize siblings, cannibal who recognizes siblings, “super-cannibal” (cannibal of both eggs), and “super non-cannibal” (does not cannibalize eggs at all)]. Single-marker analyses were performed using χ2 tests and logistic regression with null markers as covariates. Results of the χ2 tests identified 72 associations for experimental design 1 and 73 associations for design 2. Logistic regression analysis of the markers found to be significant in the χ2 test resulted in 20 associations for design 1 and 11 associations for design 2. Experiment 2 identified markers that were more frequently present or absent in cannibals who recognize siblings and super non-cannibals; i.e. in both phenotypes capable of kin recognition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Association between molecular markers and behavioral phenotypes in the immatures of a butterfly

et al. 2018

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“…Heliconius erato phyllis is a subspecies commonly found in forests and urban environments from northeastern Brazil to northern Argentina. Adult females are monandrous, i.e., they mate only once, and lay their eggs individually in the apical meristem of a host plant, to minimize potential cannibalization of eggs by first-instar caterpillars (De Nardin et al, 2016). Several species of passionflower vines, including Passiflora suberosa, P. misera and P. capsularis, host plants for oviposition and feeding of caterpillars.These Passiflora species, commonly found in Southern Brazil where this study was conducted, have cyanogenic glycosides, which are assimilated by the caterpillars to make them unpalatable to potential predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Antimicrobial resistance and genetic relationships of enterococci from siblings and non-siblings Heliconius erato phyllis caterpillars (v0.1)"

2020

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Background: Studies evaluating bacteria in insects can provide information about host-microorganism-environment interactions. The gut microbial community has a profound effect on different physiological functions of insects. Enterococcus spp. are part of the gut community in humans and other animals, as well as in insects. The presence and antimicrobial resistance profileof enterococci are well studied in different animals; however, data for Heliconius erato phyllis (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) do not yet exist. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the distribution of enterococcal species, their antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence genes, and the genetic relationships betweenenterococci isolated from fecal samples from sibling and non-sibling H. erato phyllis caterpillars collected from different sites in South Brazil. Methods: Three H. erato phyllis females were captured (two from a forest fragment and one from an urban area), and kept individually in open-air insectaries. Eggs were collected and caterpillars (siblings and non-siblings) were fed daily with Passiflora suberosa leaves. Fecal samples (n = 12) were collected from fifth-instar caterpillars, inoculated in selective medium, and 15 bacterial colonies were randomly selected from each sample. Enterococci were identified by PCR and MALDI-TOF, analyzed by disk diffusion antimicrobial susceptibility tests, and screened for resistance and virulence genes by PCR. The genetic relationships between the strains were determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: A total of 178 enterococci strains were identified: E. casseliflavus (74.15%; n = 132),E. mundtii (21.34%; n = 38), E. faecalis (1.12%; n = 2) and Enterococcus sp. (3.37%; n = 6). High rates of resistance to rifampicin (56%) and erythromycin (31%) were observed; 120 (67.41%) of the isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic and six (3.37%) were multidrug-resistant.None of the erythromycin-resistant strains was positive for the erm(B) and msrC genes. The virulence genes esp, ace, and gelE were observed in 35%, 7%, and 1% of the strains, respectively. PFGE separated the enterococci into 22 patterns, four being composed of strains from sibling caterpillars. Conclusion: Enterococcus casseliflavus was the dominant species in fecal samples of fifth-instar caterpillars. Resistant enterococci strains may be related to environmental pollution or the resistome. The PFGE analysis showed genetic relationships between some strains, suggesting that the enterococci

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“…Heliconius erato phyllis is a subspecies commonly found between northeastern Brazil and northern Argentina in both forests and urban environments. Adult females are monandric and lay their eggs individually in the apical meristem of a host plant, since first instar caterpillars may cannibalize other eggs (De Nardin et al, 2016). Several species of passionflower vines are used as a host plant for oviposition and feeding of the caterpillars, including Passiflora suberosa, P. misera and P. capsularis, commonly found in Southern Brazil, where this study was completed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supplemental Information 3: Origin, Identification and Antimicrobial Profile of Enterococci Strains Chosen for PFGE Analysis In

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Background: Studies evaluating bacterial in insects could provide information about hostmicroorganism-environment interactions. The gut community is recognized to have a profound effect on various physiological functions of the insects. Enterococcus is part of the gut community in humans andanimals, as well as in the guts of insects. The presence and antimicrobialresistance profileof enterococci are well studied in different animals; however, data in Heliconius erato phyllis (Lepidoptera; Nymphalidae), do not yet exist. Therefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate species distribution, antimicrobial resistance profile, virulence genes and genetic relationship amongenterococci isolated from fecal samples of siblings and non-siblings H. erato phyllis caterpillars collected from different places in South Brazil. Methods: Three H. erato phyllis females were captured (two from a forest fragment and one from an urban area), and kept individually in open-air insectaries. Eggs were collected and caterpillars (siblings and non-siblings) were fed daily with Passiflora suberosa leaves. Fecal samples (n=12) were collected from fifth instar caterpillars, inoculated in selective medium and fifteen colonies were randomly selected from each sample. Enterococci were identified by PCR and MALDI-TOF, submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility tests by disk diffusion method, and screened for resistance and virulence genes by PCR. The genetic relationships among the strains were determined using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results: A total of 178 enterococci were identified as: Enterococcus casseliflavus (74.15%; n=132),E. mundtii (21.34%; n=38), E. faecalis (1.12%; n=2) and Enterococcus sp. (3.37%; n=6). High rates of resistance to rifampicin (56%) and erythromycin (31%) were observed. One hundred and twenty (67.41%) out of the 178 isolates showed resistance to at least one compound and 6 (3.37%) were multidrug-resistant.None of the erythromycin-resistant strains was positive to erm(B) and msrC genes. The virulence genes esp, ace and gelE were observed in 35%, 7% and 1% of the strains, respectively. PFGE separated the enterococci into 22 patterns, being four patterns composed by strains from sibling caterpillars. Conclusion: Enterococcus casseliflavus was the dominant species in fecal samples of fifth instar caterpillars. Resistant enterococci strains could be related to environmental pollution or linked to

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Kin recognition in a butterfly: inferences about its heritability

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Association between molecular markers and behavioral phenotypes in the immatures of a butterfly

Association between molecular markers and behavioral phenotypes in the immatures of a butterfly

Peer Review #1 of "Antimicrobial resistance and genetic relationships of enterococci from siblings and non-siblings Heliconius erato phyllis caterpillars (v0.1)"

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