Kindliche Hirnsch�den nach operativen Geburten

Bolte, A.; Steinmann, H. W.; Beusch, C. H.; Pütz, H. J.; Schraven, G. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00669408

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Studies which report the occurrence of obstetric complications in people who develop intellectual disability find consistently higher rates in the latter compared to controls (Lilienfeld et al 19555 Pasamanick & Lilienfeld 1955;Chefetz 1965J Turner 19755 Nelson & Broman 1977Rao 1990;Wellesley et al 1991;Buka et al 1993). The factors most frequently implicated in the aetiology of intellectual disability are: anoxia and asphyxia in labour (Westgren et al 1986;Buka et al 1993)5 malpresentations, most commonly breech (Dale & Stanley 1980;Nilsen & Bergsjo 1985); vaginally delivered breech presentations (Bolte et al 1986;Luterkort et al 1987); low birth weight; dysmaturity (Ranntakillo et al 1985;Dunn 1986); bleeding in pregnancy (Hagberg et al 1976;Taylor et al 1985;Nelson & EUenberg 1986); maternal hypertension in pregnancy (Nelson & EUenberg 1986;Szymonowicz & Yu 1987); maternal diabetes (Dekaban & Magee 1958;Robinson 1970); maternal infection with syphilis, rubella, cytomegalovinis, influenza, listeriosis, congenital toxoplasmosis. Varicella zoster and/or Herpes simplex virus (Penrose 1938;Swan & Tostevin 1941;Coffey & Jessop 1959;Manson et al 1963;Fleck 1973;Hanshaw & Dudgeon 1978;Dudgeon 1984); and drugs or substance use/abuse, most commonly alcohol (Claren & Smith 1978;Olegard et al 1979;Hagberg et al 1981;Blomquist etal.…”

Section: The Aetiology Of Intellectual Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability: the role of pregnancy and birth complications

O’Dwyer

1997

J Intellect Disabil Res

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The literature suggests that mental illness is more common in people with intellectual disability than in the general population. Having reviewed the literature, Turner (1989) [Psychological Medicine 19, 301-14] suggested that about 3% of people with intellectual disability also have schizophrenia. As pregnancy and birth complications (PBCs) occur more commonly in people with intellectual disability than in the general population and are also implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia, it is possible that these conditions share a common aetiology. This study reports on the occurrence of PBCs in those people with intellectual disability who develop schizophrenia. Fifty people with intellectual disability and schizophrenia were matched for age, sex, degree of intellectual disability and presence of epilepsy with a control group who did not suffer from schizophrenia or a schizophreniform psychosis. The obstetric history was obtained and events rated on a scale specifically designed for this study. This PBCs scale consists of six sub-scales covering areas of general maternal health, pregnancy, delivery, medication in labour, total medication score and neonatal score, as well as an overall total score. The study found that people with intellectual disability who develop schizophrenia have significantly higher rates of PBCs than controls. All of the sub-scales on the PBCs scale were significantly higher in people with schizophrenia, with the exception of the medication scales. Only five out of the 50 people with schizophrenia had not had a major obstetric complication, compared to 13 subjects from the control group. A number of abnormalities were specifically higher in people who later developed schizophrenia. These included: abnormally long or short labour; maternal episiotomy; maternal preeclamptic toxaemia; induction of labour; dysmaturity; maternal smoking in pregnancy; and a delay in neonatal crying. The results suggest that PBCs are important in the aetiology of schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability.

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Section: The Aetiology Of Intellectual Disabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia in people with intellectual disability: the role of pregnancy and birth complications

O’Dwyer

1997

J Intellect Disabil Res

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“…Brain damage is the most common cause of death with breech born infants. Frequently, intracranial 1 haemorrhage was found in post-mortem examinations, namely 50% [9], 48% [44], 35% [46]-These figures include both damage due to asphyxia and mechanical trauma. It seems, that in term infants there is a prevalence of mechanical factors.…”

Section: Perus Associated With Breech Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, only a few of them hold up to critical evaluation. It is not surprising therefore that the results of these studies vary considerably, for instance, some researchers [8,25,27,30,34,43,48] predict favorable developments for breech born infants, others [9,21,24,42,47,50,55] suggest unfavorable ones. Unfortunately, all of these follow-up studies have serious shortcomings.…”

Section: Critical Remarks On the Validity Of Follow-up Studies In Brementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the catamnestical histories of 339 breech born infants reviewed at the age of 4-14 years BOLTE et al [9] considered 20.0% of their subjects neurologically abnormal (for example, delay in somatic or psychic development, cerebral palsy, ataxia, frequent headaches or seizures). The percentage infants among the pupüs of elementary schools of a positive neurological history in this respect (4.6%) and among pupüs from schools for backwas in infants with forceps delivery 12.4%, vacuum ward chüdren (5.5%).…”

Section: Follow-ups In School Period and Af Termentioning

confidence: 99%

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