Kinematic significance of sediment-filled fissures in the North Mountain Basalt, Fundy rift basin, Nova Scotia, Canada

Schlische, Roy W.; Ackermann, Rolf V.

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(94)00114-f

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Evidence of this growth is reflected by the divergence of bedding strike in the hanging wall of fault 5: the basal McCoy Brook Formation and its contact with the underlying North Mountain Basalt strike WNW, whereas younger strata (expressed by ridges of sandstone in the tidal flat) strike ENE (Figure 10a). Sediment-filled fissures at Wasson Bluff provide evidence that constrains the timing and direction of extension (Schlische and Ackermann 1995). These fissures are common near the top of the North Mountain Basalt and occur along joints in the columnar basalt (Figure 10d).…”

Section: Wasson Bluffmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Nearly a century of research has provided valuable information about its complex tectonic history involving Palaeozoic shortening, early Mesozoic rifting and post-rift inversion (e.g. Powers 1916;Klein 1960Klein , 1962Keppie 1982;Plint and van de Poll 1984;Nadon and Middleton 1984;Olsen et al 1989;Olsen and Schlische 1990;Schlische and Ackermann 1995;Withjack et al 1995;Wade et al 1996;Baum et al 2008). In this study, we focus on the extensional development of the Fundy rift basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Extensional development of the Fundy rift basin, southeastern Canada

Withjack¹,

Schlische²,

Baum³

2009

Geological Journal

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The Fundy rift basin of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Canada, is part of the Eastern North American rift system that formed during the breakup of Pangaea. Integrated seismic-reflection, field, digital-elevation and aeromagnetic data indicate that the Fundy rift basin underwent two phases of deformation: syn-rift extension followed by post-rift basin inversion. Inversion significantly modified the geometries of the basin and its rift-related structures. In this paper, we remove the effects of inversion to examine the basin's extensional development. The basin consists of three structural subbasins: the Fundy and Chignecto subbasins are bounded by low-angle, NE-striking faults; the Minas subbasin is bounded by E-to ENE-striking faults that are steeply dipping at the surface and gently dipping at depth. Together, these linked faults form the border-fault system of the Fundy rift basin. Most major faults within the border-fault system originated as Palaeozoic contractional structures. All syn-rift units imaged on seismic profiles thicken towards the border-fault system, reflecting extensional movement from Middle Triassic (and possibly Permian) through Early Jurassic time. Intra-rift unconformities, observed on seismic profiles and in the field, indicate that uplift and erosion occurred, at least locally, during rifting. Based on seismic data alone, the displacement direction of the hanging wall of the border-fault system of the Fundy rift basin ranged from SW to SE during rifting. Field data (i.e. NEstriking igneous dykes, sediment-filled fissures and normal faults) indicate NW-SE extension during Early Jurassic time, supporting a SE-displacement direction. With a SE-displacement direction, the NE-striking border-fault zones of the Fundy and Chignecto subbasins had predominantly normal dip slip during rifting, whereas the E-striking border-fault zone of the Minas subbasin had oblique slip with left-lateral and normal components. Sequential restorations of seismic-reflection profiles (coupled with projections from onshore geology) show that the Fundy rift basin underwent 10-20 km of extension, most of which was accommodated by the border-fault system, and was considerably wider and deeper prior to basin inversion. Post-rift deformation tilted the eastern side of the basin to the northwest/north, producing significant uplift and erosion.

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Section: Wasson Bluffmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Extensional development of the Fundy rift basin, southeastern Canada

Withjack¹,

Schlische²,

Baum³

2009

Geological Journal

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“…This phenomenon may be induced by tectonic factors and occur more frequently in extensional faulting regimes (Montenat et al, 2007), where these sorts of faults have been associated with synsedimentary deformation in rift systems (e.g., Winterer et al, 1991;Schlische and Ackermann, 1995;Cozzi, 2000) and with earthquakes greater than 5.5 m b (Mercier et al, 1983;Montenat et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Quaternary fault kinematics and chronology in intraplate northeastern Brazil

Nogueira

Bezerra

Fuck

2010

Journal of Geodynamics

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“…Massive increases in pore water pressure result, causing water to flow to areas of lower pressure, carrying sand with it. Downward injection of sand can occur as tension develops during faulting and mobilized sand flows downwards, instantaneously filling tension fissures normal to the least direction of stress (Schlische and Ackermann, 1995;Rowe et al, 2002).…”

Section: Do the Cracks Have A Seismic Origin?mentioning

confidence: 99%