Kinematics and energetic benefits of schooling in the labriform fish, striped surfperch Embiotoca lateralis

Johansen, Jacob L.; Vaknin, R.; Steffensen, John F.; Domenici, Paolo

doi:10.3354/meps08885

Cited by 55 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Once an individual's length and mass were input into the software, three determinations were run without fish to measure initial background rates of respiration from bacterial load in the test chamber. The fish was then placed in the respirometer and left to habituate to the chamber for 6 to 8h at a swimming speed of 0.75bodylengths(BL)s -1 until oxygen consumption rates stabilized (Johansen et al, 2010;Binning et al, 2013). This speed corresponded to the lowest water flow necessary to ensure constant swimming and minimize spontaneous activity in this species.…”

Section: Swimming Respirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bursting and coasting was defined when the fish used caudal fin beats (typically 1, 2 or 3 beats) and a subsequent forward glide motion >5cm. SMR was obtained by extrapolating the curve to U=0BLs −1 Schurmann and Steffensen, 1997;Korsmeyer et al, 2002) using either a traditional exponential function (Brett, 1964;Webb, 1975;Korsmeyer et al, 2002;Binning et al, 2013) with two (Eqn2) or three (Eqn3) parameters, or the hydrodynamics-based power function with three parameters (Eqn4) (Wu, 1977;Videler, 1993;Korsmeyer et al, 2002;Johansen et al, 2010;Svendsen et al, 2010): . Maximum metabolic rate (MMR swim ) was measured at the maximum swimming speed where fish completed at least one 10min M O2 determination; we averaged M O2 values when fish completed more than one determination (up to three determinations).…”

Section: Swimming Respirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finding the best estimates of metabolic rates in a coral reef fish

Roche

Binning

Bosiger

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

153

164

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SUMMARYMetabolic rates of aquatic organisms are estimated from measurements of oxygen consumption rates (Ṁ O2 ) through swimming and resting respirometry. These distinct approaches are increasingly used in ecophysiology and conservation physiology studies; however, few studies have tested whether they yield comparable results. We examined whether two fundamental Ṁ O2 measures, standard metabolic rate (SMR) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR), vary based on the method employed. Ten bridled monocle bream (Scolopsis bilineata) were exercised using (1) a critical swimming speed (U crit ) protocol, (2) a 15min exhaustive chase protocol and (3) a 3min exhaustive chase protocol followed by brief (1min) air exposure. Protocol 1 was performed in a swimming respirometer whereas protocols 2 and 3 were followed by resting respirometry. SMR estimates in swimming respirometry were similar to those in resting respirometry when a three-parameter exponential or power function was used to extrapolate the swimming speed-Ṁ O2 relationship to zero swimming speed. In contrast, MMR using the U crit protocol was 36% higher than MMR derived from the 15min chase protocol and 23% higher than MMR using the 3min chase/1min air exposure protocol. For strong steady (endurance) swimmers, such as S. bilineata, swimming respirometry can produce more accurate MMR estimates than exhaustive chase protocols because oxygen consumption is measured during exertion. However, when swimming respirometry is impractical, exhaustive chase protocols should be supplemented with brief air exposure to improve measurement accuracy. Caution is warranted when comparing MMR estimates obtained with different respirometry methods unless they are cross-validated on a species-specific basis.

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Section: Swimming Respirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Swimming Respirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding the best estimates of metabolic rates in a coral reef fish

Roche

Binning

Bosiger

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

153

164

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“…Pectoral fin-beat frequency is positively related to swimming speed and/or oxygen consumption in several species of labriform fishes (e.g. Mussi et al, 2002;Kendall et al, 2007;Tudorache et al, 2009;Johansen et al, 2010). Some authors have suggested that the relationships between fin-beat frequency, oxygen consumption rate and swimming speed in a given fish species may provide useful indicators of swimming energetics in the wild, which are extremely difficult to estimate in aquatic species (Steinhausen et al, 2005;Ohlberger et al, 2007;Tudorache et al, 2009;Layton, 2011).…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given the proximity of the laboratory to the collection site, fish were not fed and were tested shortly after their capture, ensuring near-wild conditions during the experiments. Fish were fasted for a minimum of 24 h before the experimental trials to ensure that satiation was standardized across individuals (Niimi and Beamish, 1974;Johansen et al, 2010;Roche et al, 2013 (Steffensen et al, 1984;Methling et al, 2011) with a working section of 9.0×26.0×10.0 cm (width×length×depth) (supplementary material Fig. S1).…”

Section: Fish Collections and Husbandrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Unsteady flow affects swimming energetics in a labriform fish (Cymatogaster aggregata)

Roche

Taylor

Binning

et al. 2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Unsteady water flows are common in nature, yet the swimming performance of fishes is typically evaluated at constant, steady speeds in the laboratory. We examined how cyclic changes in water flow velocity affect the swimming performance and energetics of a labriform swimmer, the shiner surfperch, Cymatogaster aggregata, during station holding. Using intermittent-flow respirometry, we measured critical swimming speed (U crit ), oxygen consumption rates (Ṁ O2 ) and pectoral fin use in steady flow versus unsteady flows with either low-[0.5 body lengths (BL) s−1 ] or high-amplitude (1.0 BL s −1 ) velocity fluctuations, with a 5 s period. Individuals in low-amplitude unsteady flow performed as well as fish in steady flow. However, swimming costs in high-amplitude unsteady flow were on average 25.3% higher than in steady flow and 14.2% higher than estimated values obtained from simulations based on the non-linear relationship between swimming speed and oxygen consumption rate in steady flow. Time-averaged pectoral fin use (fin-beat frequency measured over 300 s) was similar among treatments. However, measures of instantaneous fin use (fin-beat period) and body movement in highamplitude unsteady flow indicate that individuals with greater variation in the duration of their fin beats were better at holding station and consumed less oxygen than fish with low variation in fin-beat period. These results suggest that the costs of swimming in unsteady flows are context dependent in labriform swimmers, and may be influenced by individual differences in the ability of fishes to adjust their fin beats to the flow environment.

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“…Periods of 13.5 min were used for the determinations with a 180 s flush, 30 s wait and 600 s measurement cycle. Once an individual's length and mass were input into the software, the fish was placed in the respirometer and left to habituate to the chamber for at least 30 min in the flush modus until oxygen consumption rates stabilized (Johansen et al, 2010;Binning et al, 2013). Thereafter, three determinations were run without using the data for later calculations to allow fish to adapt to the measurement procedures in the test chamber.…”

Section: Estimation Of Metabolic Rates By Respirometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to dietary exposure to zearalenone (ZEN)

Pietsch

Junge

2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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Zearalenone (ZEN) is a frequent contaminant of animal feeds, but systemic effects on fish and possible metabolic costs have not yet been investigated. In order to fill this gap a feeding trial with juvenile carp was conducted. The fish were fed ZEN-contaminated diets at three concentrations (low: 332 μg kg , and high: 797 μg kg −1 final feed, respectively) for four weeks. Possible reversible effects of ZEN were evaluated by feeding an additional group with the mycotoxin for four weeks period and the uncontaminated diet for further two weeks. After that possible ZEN effects on enzyme activities in kidney, spleen, liver and muscle tissue were investigated to get an organism-wide aspect of ZEN effects. Most organs appeared to (over)compensate ZEN effects during the exposure to this mycotoxin, which caused metabolic costs. Oxygen consumption increased in fish treated with the two higher ZEN concentrations via the diet. The differences between the treatments persisted also after the recovery phase of two weeks. Thus, the present study provided evidence of effects of ZEN on carbohydrate metabolism, lipid peroxidation in organs and metabolic oxygen demand. This is the first evidence for increased metabolic costs in a fish species due to exposure to the mycotoxin ZEN.

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Kinematics and energetic benefits of schooling in the labriform fish, striped surfperch Embiotoca lateralis

Cited by 55 publications

References 50 publications

Finding the best estimates of metabolic rates in a coral reef fish

Finding the best estimates of metabolic rates in a coral reef fish

Unsteady flow affects swimming energetics in a labriform fish (Cymatogaster aggregata)

Physiological responses of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to dietary exposure to zearalenone (ZEN)

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