Kinesthetic ability with osseointegrated implants

Dahiya, Varun; Sharma, Puneet; Kaur, Palwinder

doi:10.4103/0974-6781.96573

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Technologies capable of 3D surface patterning in silicon, metals and polymers, have potential applications in micro-optics and diffractive optical elements [46][47][48], MEMS [23,35,36], plasmonics [49,50], micro-fluids [51,52], micro-sensors [53,54] and pertinently, biomimetic, functionalised medical devices [55,56]. The fabrication of 3D biomimetic surfaces may potentially enhance medical device performance and is currently being realised in implantable devices such as dental implants, orthopaedic implants, vascular stents nerve conduits [57][58][59][60][61][62][63]. The fabricated surface outlined in this manuscript was biologically evaluated as a potential topography for silicone breast implant surfaces, designed to minimise fibrotic capsule formation [64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and modelling of fractal, biomimetic, micro and nano-topographical surfaces

et al. 2016

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Natural surface topographies are often self-similar with hierarchical features at the micro and nanoscale, which may be mimicked to overcome modern tissue engineering and biomaterial design limitations. Specifically, a cell's microenvironment within the human body contains highly optimised, fractal topographical cues, which directs precise cell behaviour. However, recreating biomimetic, fractal topographies in vitro is not a trivial process and a number of fabrication methods have been proposed but often fail to precisely control the spatial resolution of features at different lengths scales and hence, to provide true biomimetic properties. Here, we propose a method of accurately reproducing the self-similar, micro and nanoscale topography of a human biological tissue into a synthetic polymer through an innovative fabrication process. The biological tissue surface was characterised using atomic force microscopy (AFM) to obtain spatial data in X, Y and Z, which was converted into a grayscale 'digital photomask'. As a result of maskless grayscale optical lithography followed by modified deep reactive ion etching and replica molding, we were able to accurately reproduce the fractal topography of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Characterisation using AFM at three different length scales revealed that the nano and micro-topographical features, in addition to the fractal dimension, of native ADM were reproduced in PDMS. In conclusion, it has been shown that the fractal topography of biological surfaces can be mimicked in synthetic materials using the novel fabrication process outlined, which may be applied to significantly enhance medical device biocompatibility and performance.

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