Kinesthetic aftereffects induced by a weighted tool on movement correction in baseball batting

Nakamoto, Hiroki; Ishii, Yasumitsu; Ikudome, Sachi; Ohta, Yoichi

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2012.04.005

Cited by 18 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…A detailed discussion of kinesthetic aftereff ects induced by a weighted bat warm-up on coincident timing performance have been suffi ciently discussed in the previous study ( Nakamoto, et al ., 2012 ); therefore, we shall discuss the eff ects of weighted bat warm-up on muscle activity in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The experimental device consisted of a horizontal track (length: 4 m; height: 60 cm above the ground), with 200 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that simulated the linear motion of an object. The LEDs were quickly turned on and off in sequence so that participants could clearly perceive the continuous motion of an approaching target (fl ashing light) ( Nakamoto, et al ., 2012 ). consisted of three practice swings with a weighted bat (85 cm, 1200 g). All the test trials in the coincident timing task used a standard bat.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Warm-up with Weighted Bat and Adjustment of Upper Limb Muscle Activity in Bat Swinging under Movement Correction Conditions

et al. 2014

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The effects of weighted bat warm-up on adjustment of upper limb muscle activity were investigated during baseball bat swinging under dynamic conditions that require a spatial and temporal adjustment of the swinging to hit a moving target. Seven male college baseball players participated in this study. Using a batting simulator, the task was to swing the standard bat coincident with the arrival timing and position of a moving target after three warm-up swings using a standard or weighted bat. There was no significant effect of weighted bat warm-up on muscle activity before impact associated with temporal or spatial movement corrections. However, lower inhibition of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle activity was observed in a velocity-changed condition in the weighted bat warm-up, as compared to a standard bat warm-up. It is suggested that weighted bat warm-up decreases the adjustment ability associated with inhibition of muscle activation under movement correction conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm-up with Weighted Bat and Adjustment of Upper Limb Muscle Activity in Bat Swinging under Movement Correction Conditions

et al. 2014

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“…The participants swung while placing a front foot on the force plate on the ground. The total duration of target presentation from target moving start to arrival was 500-msec (Nakamoto et al, 2012;Ohta et al, 2014;Ohta et al, 2015). This duration is equivalent to that at a velocity of a pitched ball of about 132.8 km/h in actual baseball batting.…”

Section: Experimental Task Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The batting simulator that consisted of a straight, horizontal electronic track (length: 4 m; height: 60 cm above the ground), with 200 light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that simulated the linear motion of an object (AO-1M model; Applied O‹ce Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) has been used in several studies (Nakamoto et al, 2012;Ohta et al, 2014;. The LEDs were quickly turned on and oŠ in sequence so that the participants could clearly perceive the continuous motion of an approaching target (‰ashing light).…”

Section: Experimental Apparatus 231 Batting Simulatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Changes in Bat Grip Position on Baseball Bat Swing Timing, Ground Reaction Force, and Muscle Activation Characteristics*

Ohta

Nakamoto

2015

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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This study aimed to clarify the eŠects of changing to a short bat grip position from the long bat grip position on baseball bat swing timing, peak ground reaction force with the front leg, and activation of the upper and lower limb muscles.Nine male college baseball players participated in this study. By using a batting simulator, the coincident timing task was to swing the bat coincidentally with the arrival timing of a moving target by using the long or short bat grip position. The batter performed 10 sets of four swings for a total of 40 swings for the coincident timing task. During the four swings, the batter swung the bat by using the long grip position in theˆrst, second, and fourth swings. Only in the third swing did the batter use the short grip position. The ground reaction force with the front leg was measured, and electromyograms of the upper and lower limb muscles were obtained during the coincident timing task.Our results indicated no signiˆcant diŠerences in absolute and variable timing errors between the long and short bat grip positions. In contrast, the constant timing error was signiˆcantly increased with the short bat grip position. Moreover, the time to peak ground reaction force and time to peak muscle activation of both the upper and lower limb muscles were signiˆcantly delayed when the short bat grip position was employed. Signiˆcant positive relationships were observed between the constant timing error and time to peak ground reaction force, which showed diŠerences between the second and third swings. No signiˆcant diŠerence in swing time was observed between the long and short bat grip positions.Theseˆndings indicate that changing to the short bat grip position from the long bat grip position will not improve the batter's swing timing. Furthermore, changing to the short bat grip position could delay the batter's swing timing, probably because the change causes a delay in swing preparation.

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“…They concluded that warm-up implementation with only °ae10% extra weight of a game bat was the best choice for the ondeck circle to bring an improvement of bat speed during a real game. They mentioned that the °AEkinesthetic illusion', a feeling of faster bat speed immediately after a weighted bat warm-up, was responsible for the common mistakes of using a donut at the waiting deck-circle (Nakamoto, Ishii, Ikudome, & Ohta, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Different Warm-up Procedures on Bat Speed in Baseball

Kim¹

2013

Korean Journal of Sport Biomechanics

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The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a new warm-up condition, overloaded arm weights (721 g each arm,[OA]), on the bat speed during warm-up and immediately after warm-up with traditional warm-up conditions such as no-extra mass warm-up (control condition, [CO]) and overloaded bat warm-up (885 g donut on a bat, [OB]) conditions. Twenty male subjects who had competitive baseball experience participated in this study. Electromagnetic motion capture system was used to capture body segment motions. Results indicated that the OB showed significantly slower bat speed than the CO and OA did during warm-up (p<.05) and the bat speeds of OA and OB were similar. There was no main effect of different types of warm-up condition on the bat speed at post-warm-up swings. However, the first trial immediately after the OA and OB showed significant slower than the later trials (p<.05). Conclusively, the overloaded arm weights and overloaded bat did not show statistical superiority than the standard warm-up conditions in the deck circle and recovery time more than 3 minutes after loaded warm-up is recommended.

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Kinesthetic aftereffects induced by a weighted tool on movement correction in baseball batting

Cited by 18 publications

References 55 publications

Warm-up with Weighted Bat and Adjustment of Upper Limb Muscle Activity in Bat Swinging under Movement Correction Conditions

Warm-up with Weighted Bat and Adjustment of Upper Limb Muscle Activity in Bat Swinging under Movement Correction Conditions

Effects of Changes in Bat Grip Position on Baseball Bat Swing Timing, Ground Reaction Force, and Muscle Activation Characteristics*

The Effect of Different Warm-up Procedures on Bat Speed in Baseball

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