KINESTHETIC RECALL OF CHILDREN WITH ATHETOID and SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY and OF NON‐HANDICAPPED CHILDREN

Opila-Lehman, Janet; Short, Margaret Anne; Trombly, Catherine A.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1985.tb03773.x

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Sensory mechanisms are known to be disturbed in children with CP, e.g. twopoint discrimination, stereognosis and kinaesthetic sensitivity (Lesny 1971, Bairstow and Laszlo 1981, Opila-Lehman et al 1985, Uvebrant 1988). There is also evidence of disturbed proprioreception, tested by means of tonic muscle vibrationactivating la afferents (Tardieu et al Ln N N 1984).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Anticipatory Control of Isometric Forces During Grasping by Children With Cerebral Palsy

Eliasson

Gordon

Forssberg

1992

Develop Med Child Neuro

141

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SUMMARY The authors examined the force regulation during prehension of 12 children with cerebral palsy (CP) and an age‐matched control group. The control group appropriately scaled the isometric force output in one force‐rate pulse toward the weight of the previously lifted object, but children with CP exhibited stepwise increases in force in which the force amplitudes were not influenced by the object's weight. When the object was held in the air, most children with CP were able to modify their force output according to the object's weight, using sensory feedback, but their forces were more variable than those of the control group and less influenced by the object's weight. Although children with CP have disturbed sensory feedback—likely to lead to an indistinct internal representation of an object's physical properties—their main disability stems from impaired central co‐ordination of motor activity. RÉSUMÉ Altération du contrôle anticipé des forces isométriques dutrant la saisie chez des enfants IMC Les auteurs ont étudié la régulation de la force durant la préhension chez 12 enfants IMC et un groupe contrôle apparié pour l'âge. Le groupe contrôle évaluait correctement la force isométrique produite selon un échelon unique adapté au poids de l'objet préalablement porté mais les enfants IMC montraient des accroissements de forces en échelons successifs, l'amplitude de force n'étant pas influencée par le poids de l'objet. Quand l'objet était maintenu en l'air, la plupart des enfants IMC étaient capables de modifier la force produite en fonction du poids de l'objet à partir d'une rétroaction sensorielle, mais les variations de force étaient plus importantes que dans le groupe contrôle et moins inflencées par le poids de l'objet. Bien que les enfants IMC aient une rétro‐action sensorielle perturbée, sans soute du fait d'une representation interne incorrecte des propriétés de l'objet physique, leur incapacité provient principalement d'une coordination centrale de l'activité motrice altérée. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Gestörte anticipatorische Kontrolle der isometrischen Kräfte beim Greifen bei Kindern mit Cerebralparese Die Autoren untersuchten die Regulierung der Kraft beim Greifen bei 12 Kindern mit Cerebralparese (CP) und altersentsprechenden Kontrollen. Die Kontrollgruppe stellte die isometrische Kraftentwicklung in einem Kraftimpuls auf den vorher angehobenen Gegenstan̈d ein, während die CP Kinder eine schrittweise Kraftsteigerung zeigten, bei der die Kraftamplituden nicht durch das Gewicht des Gegenstandes beeinflußt waren. Wurde der Gegenstand in der Luft gehalten, konnten die meisten Kinder mit CP ihre Kraftentwicklung nach dem Gewicht des Gegenstandes durch sensorischen Feedback modifizieren, aber ihre Kräfte variierten stärker als die der Kontrollen und waren weniger auf das Gewicht des Gegenstandes abgestimmt. Obwohl die Kinder mit CP eine gestörte sensorische Rückkopplung haben—was möglicherweise zu einer ungenauen inneren Repräsentation der physikalischen Eigenschaften eines Gegenstandes führt, beruht ihre ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Anticipatory Control of Isometric Forces During Grasping by Children With Cerebral Palsy

Eliasson

Gordon

Forssberg

1992

Develop Med Child Neuro

141

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“…Alternatively, a possible peripheral mechanism involves a change in directed attention to the intact sensory feedback (i.e., vision) instead of distorted sensory feedback (i.e., proprioception). Indeed, for individuals with hemiparesis, it has been suggested that redirection of visual attention toward the sensory feedback of the more impaired arm might help individuals with hemiparesis to reduce movement disorders and future complications such as learned disuse (Sathian, Greenspan, & Wolf, 2000;Opila-Lehman, Short, & Trombly, 1985). The "mirror box" is thought to assist with the switch in attention because the visual signals received back from the superimposed image seen in the mirror correspond with the movements of the less impaired arm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Mirror Box” Illusion: Effect of Visual Information on Bimanual Coordination in Children with Spastic Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy

et al. 2010

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The study examined symmetrical bimanual coordination of children with spastic hemiparetic cerebral palsy (SHCP) and a typically developing (TD) control group under conditions of visual feedback created by placing a glass screen, opaque screen or a mirror (“mirror box”) between the arms. The “mirror box” creates a visual illusion, which gives rise to a visual perception of a zero lag, symmetric movement between the two arms. Children with SHCP exhibited a similar mean coordination pattern as the TD control group, but had greater movement variability between the arms. Furthermore, movement variability in children with SHCP was significantly greater in the screen condition compared with the glass and mirror condition, which were similar to each other. The effects of the availability of visual feedback in individuals with hemiparesis are discussed with reference to central and peripheral mechanisms.

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“…Methods used in prior studies of proprioception in CP primarily were clinically-based, typically yielded nominal data, and often did not include a control or comparison group. Only 1 study assessed joint-position sense, where participants matched elbow joint position to a remembered position 6. Kinesthesia, studied to a greater extent than joint-position sense, has typically been assessed by having participants determine the direction of a passively moved limb (eg, “Did your toe move up or down?”) without controlling for force of cutaneous contact or limb-movement displacement and velocity 4,7-15.…”

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confidence: 99%

Joint-Position Sense and Kinesthesia in Cerebral Palsy

Wingert

Burton

Sinclair

et al. 2009

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

147

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Objectives: Examine joint-position sense and kinesthesia in all extremities in participants with diplegic or hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP).Design: Survey of joint-position sense and kinesthesia differences between aged-matched controls and 2 groups with CP. Setting: University movement assessment laboratory.Participants: Population-based sample of participants with CP, diplegia (n=21), hemiplegia (n=17), and age-matched volunteers (n=21) without neurologic disease. Interventions: Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures: Joint-position sense and kinesthesia were measured in the transverse plane (forearm pronation/supination and hip internal/external rotation) using a custom built device. For joint-position sense, participants actively rotated the tested limb to align the distal end with 10 target positions first with the limb and targets visible to assess their ability to perform the task motorically. The task was then repeated with vision of the limb occluded, with targets remaining visible. Joint-position sense error was determined by the magnitude and direction of the rotation errors for each limb in the vision and no vision conditions. Kinesthesia was evaluated by the ability to detect passive limb rotation without vision. Results:No group differences were detected in the vision condition. Indicative of joint-position sense deficits, a significant increase in errors was found in the no vision condition in all limbs except the dominant upper limb for both groups with CP. Joint-position sense errors were systematically biased toward the direction of internal rotation. Kinesthesia deficits were evident on the nondominant upper limb in diplegia and hemiplegia, and bilaterally in the lower limbs in hemiplegia. In hemiplegia, joint-position sense and kinesthesia deficits were noted on the dominant limbs, but were significantly worse on the nondominant limbs. Conclusions:These results indicate that people with CP have proprioception deficits in all limbs.

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KINESTHETIC RECALL OF CHILDREN WITH ATHETOID and SPASTIC CEREBRAL PALSY and OF NON‐HANDICAPPED CHILDREN

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Impaired Anticipatory Control of Isometric Forces During Grasping by Children With Cerebral Palsy

Impaired Anticipatory Control of Isometric Forces During Grasping by Children With Cerebral Palsy

The “Mirror Box” Illusion: Effect of Visual Information on Bimanual Coordination in Children with Spastic Hemiparetic Cerebral Palsy

Joint-Position Sense and Kinesthesia in Cerebral Palsy

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