Kinetic analysis of redox processes in Salen-type polymers at sub-zero temperatures

Safety issues with lithium-ion batteries prevent their widespread use in critical areas of technology. Various types of protective systems have been proposed to prevent thermal runaway and subsequent battery combustion. Among them, thermoresistive systems, representing polymer composites that sharply increase their resistance when the temperature rises, have been actively investigated. However, they are triggered only when the heating of the battery has already occurred, i.e., the system undergoes irreversible changes. This paper describes a new type of protective polymer layer based on the intrinsically conducting polymer poly[Ni(CH3OSalen)]. The response mechanism of this layer is based on an increase in resistance both when heated and when the cell voltage exceeds the permissible range. This makes it possible to stop undesirable processes at an earlier stage. The properties of the polymer itself and of the lithium-ion batteries modified by the protective layer have been studied. It is shown that the introduction of the polymer protective layer into the battery design leads to a rapid increase of the internal resistance at short circuit, which reduces the discharge current and sharply reduces the heat release. The effectiveness of the protection is confirmed by analysis of the battery components before the short circuit and after it.

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Mass and Charge Transfer in a Polymeric NiSalen Complex at Subzero Temperatures

Alekseeva

Novoselova

Anischenko

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Electrochemical energy storage systems have a wide range of commercial applications. They keep energy and power even at temperatures up to +60 °C. However, the capacity and power of such energy storage systems reduce sharply at negative temperatures due to the difficulty of counterion injection into the electrode material. The application of organic electrode materials based on salen-type polymers is a prospective approach to the development of materials for low-temperature energy sources. Poly[Ni(CH3Salen)]–based electrode materials synthesized from different electrolytes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and quartz crystal microgravimetry at temperatures from −40 °C to 20 °C. By analyzing data obtained in various electrolyte solutions, it was shown that at subzero temperatures, the process of injection into the polymer film, together with slow diffusion within the film, predominantly limit the electrochemical performance of electrode materials based on poly[Ni(CH3Salen)]. It was shown that the deposition of the polymer from solutions with larger cations allow the enhancement of the charge transfer due to the formation of porous structures facilitating the counter-ion diffusion.

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Kinetic analysis of redox processes in Salen-type polymers at sub-zero temperatures

Cited by 3 publications

References 61 publications

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Selective separation of monovalent anions by PPy/pTS membrane electrodes in redox transistor electrodialysis

Li-Ion Battery Short-Circuit Protection by Voltage-Driven Switchable Resistance Polymer Layer

Mass and Charge Transfer in a Polymeric NiSalen Complex at Subzero Temperatures

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