Kinetic and kinematic characteristics of sprint running with a weighted vest

Gleadhill, Sam; Yuki, Nobumitsu; Wada, Tomohito; Nagahara, Ryu

doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110655

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Fifteen studies involved WR in a cross-over design 14 , 16 , 17 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 27 , 29 , 31 – 34 , 36 , 38 . Five studies involved WV in a cross-over design 11 , 12 , 28 , 30 , 37 . One study involved WR in a longitudinal design 15 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of wearable resistance and weighted vest for sprint performance and kinematics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bertochi,

Tasinafo Júnior,

Santos

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Wearable resistance (WR) and weighted vests (WV) can be used in almost all training conditions to enhance sprint performance; however, positioning and additional mass are different in WV and WR strategies, affecting performance and kinematics differently. We aimed to systematically review the literature, searching for intervention studies that reported the acute or chronic kinematic and performance impact of WV and WR and comparing them. We analyzed Pubmed, Embase, Scopus, and SPORTDiscuss databases for longitudinal and cross-over studies investigating sprint performance or kinematics using an inverse-variance with a random-effect method for meta-analysis. After the eligibility assessment, 25 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Cross-over WR and WV studies found significantly higher sprint times and higher ground contact times (CT) compared to unloaded (UL) conditions. However, WR presented a lower step frequency (SF) compared to UL, whereas WV presented a lower step length (SL). Only one study investigated the chronic adaptations for WR, indicating a superiority of the WR group on sprint time compared to the control group. However, no difference was found chronically for WV regarding sprint time, CT, and flight time (FT). Our findings suggest that using WV and WR in field sports demonstrates overload sprint gesture through kinematic changes, however, WR can be more suitable for SF-reliant athletes and WV for SL-reliant athletes. Although promising for chronic performance improvement, coaches and athletes should carefully consider WV and WR use since there is no supporting evidence that WV or WR will impact sprint performance, CT, and FT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intervention period for longitudinal studies varied from 8 days to 7 weeks 10 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 35 . Ten studies reported a sample of sprinters 12 , 20 , 23 , 27 – 30 , 32 , 36 , 38 . Seven studies reported a sample of rugby players 10 , 12 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 28 , 34 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of wearable resistance and weighted vest for sprint performance and kinematics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bertochi,

Tasinafo Júnior,

Santos

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Training using a weight vest can improve physical abilities [16]. The Junior Weight Vest (JWV) is a form of weight training vest for weight training using weights imposed on the body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 6-Week Training with Junior Weight Vest (JWV) for Arm Strength and Running Speed in Junior Martial Arts Athletes

Dharmadi¹

2022

saj

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Strength and speed are very important components in martial arts. The use of Junior Weight Vest (JWV) in training has the potential to increase strength and speed of junior martial arts athletes. This study aimed at determining the effect of wearing JWV on arm strength and running speed of junior martial arts athletes aged 9-15 years, totalling 20 people. This research was conducted for 6 weeks, 3-4 times per week and 50 minutes per day. Two groups were utilized, namely control group and experimental group using MANOVA analysis. The control group was treated with martial arts training using their own body weight and the experimental group was treated with martial arts training by wearing JWV weighing 650 grams -1000 grams. The conclusions of the study are: 1) there was a difference in the effect of using JWV on arm strength (p 0,001 < 0,05), 2) there was a difference in the effect of using JWV on running speed (p 0,001 < 0,05), and 3) there was a difference in the effect of simultaneously using JWV and Non JWV on arm muscle strength and running speed in junior martial arts athletes (p 0,000 < 0,05). This research shows that the arm strength and running speed of junior martial arts athletes can be increased by using JWV. Trainers, sport teachers, parents, community, sports organizations, and leaders in the field of sports can be informed that the results of this research have a measurable benefit in increasing arm strength and running speed using the Junior Weight Vest (JWV). The application of JWV in other sports such as badminton, basketball, volleyball, tennis, and even swimming can be considered as a topic for further researches.

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“…Studies where experimental tasks of high‐speed running focused on acceleration, deceleration, curvilinear, and change of direction running data were excluded, due to the associated deviation in mechanics compared with straight line running 23,24 . Overground running studies were limited to flat surfaces, while treadmill‐based studies were included on two conditions; (1) treadmill gradient was set between 0% and 1% and (2) gravity‐altering treadmills were not used to alter subject's normal mass due to their impact on the outcomes measured 25,26 . If participants' data in a study were recorded only in fatigued states, and/or if exact run speed/relative intensity during data collection was not stated, the study was excluded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 Overground running studies were limited to flat surfaces, while treadmill-based studies were included on two conditions; (1) treadmill gradient was set between 0% and 1% and (2) gravity-altering treadmills were not used to alter subject's normal mass due to their impact on the outcomes measured. 25,26 If participants' data in a study were recorded only in fatigued states, and/or if exact run speed/relative intensity during data collection was not stated, the study was excluded. If data were presented in an ambiguous manner (i.e., unclear graph or numerical data presentation), authors were contacted and if no response was received, the publication were excluded.…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying demands on the hamstrings during high‐speed running: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

McNally,

Edwards,

Halaki

et al. 2023

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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IntroductionHamstring strain injury (HSI) remains a performance, economic, and player availability burden in sport. High‐speed running (HSR) is cited as a common mechanism for HSI. While evidence exists regarding the high physical demands on the hamstring muscles in HSR, meta‐analytical synthesis of related activation and kinetic variables is lacking.MethodsA systematic search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, SportDiscus, and Cochrane library databases was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Studies reporting hamstring activation (electromyographic [EMG]) or hamstring muscle/related joint kinetics were included where healthy adult participants ran at or beyond 60% of maximum speed (activation studies) or 4 m per second (m/s) (kinetic studies).ResultsA total of 96 studies met the inclusion criteria. Run intensities were categorized as “slow,” “moderate,” or “fast” in both activation and kinetic based studies with appropriate relative, and raw measures, respectively. Meta‐analysis revealed pooled mean lateral hamstring muscle activation levels of 108.1% (95% CI: 84.4%–131.7%) of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) during “fast” running. Meta‐analysis found swing phase peak knee flexion internal moment and power at 2.2 Newton meters/kilogram (Nm/kg) (95% CI: 1.9–2.5) and 40.3 Watts/kilogram (W/kg) (95% CI: 31.4–49.2), respectively. Hip extension peak moment and power was estimated as 4.8 Nm/kg (95% CI: 3.9–5.7) and 33.1 W/kg (95% CI: 17.4–48.9), respectively.ConclusionsAs run intensity/speed increases, so do the activation and kinetic demands on the hamstrings. The presented data will enable clinicians to incorporate more objective measures into the design of injury prevention and return‐to‐play decision‐making strategies.

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Kinetic and kinematic characteristics of sprint running with a weighted vest

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

The use of wearable resistance and weighted vest for sprint performance and kinematics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The use of wearable resistance and weighted vest for sprint performance and kinematics: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Effects of 6-Week Training with Junior Weight Vest (JWV) for Arm Strength and Running Speed in Junior Martial Arts Athletes

Quantifying demands on the hamstrings during high‐speed running: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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