Kinetic Aspects of Surfactant Solubilization of Soil-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Yeom, Ikjun; Ghosh, Munmun; Cox, Chris D.

doi:10.1021/es950567t

Cited by 176 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, Tx-100 dissolves the organic matter. The surfactant causes the release of the tight matrix of PCE (Yeom and Cox 1996).The hydrocarbons become solubilized in surfactant micelles (Jee et al 2005). The desorbed PCE was solubilized by surfactant micelles and removed by EOF.…”

Section: Efficiency Of Pce Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil

Gholami

Kebria

Mahmudi

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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One large group of persistent and toxic contaminants is the hydrophobic organic contaminants. Among them, perchloroethylene (PCE) has been recognized as a representative group of these pollutants with low solubility. This study reports on the effects of electrokinetic remediation with non-ionic surfactant on PCEcontaminated soil. The performance of electrokinetic process was investigated in the treatment of clay soil that artificially contaminated with two levels: 10,000 and 30,000 mg/kg PCE and 0.33 g/kg Triton X-100. A DC power supply with electric voltage (1 V/cm) was used for 8-16 days. A negatively charged soil surface resulted in a more negative zeta potential and greater electroosmotic flow toward the cathode. The PCE was measured after extraction using n-hexane and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy instrument. The water content of soil was kept 25 % (w/w). Results were shown that PCE removal efficiency achieved was 74 and 89 % for 10,000 and 30,000 mg/kg PCE, respectively, for 16 days. Therefore, in this study, the integration of electrokinetic with non-ionic surfactant as a hybrid method was most effective for the remediation of PCE-contaminated soils.

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Section: Efficiency Of Pce Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil

Gholami

Kebria

Mahmudi

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…emulsification of non-aqueous phase liquid contaminants (Edwards et al, 1991;Volkering et al, 1998;Jiménez Islas et al, 2010), enhancement of the apparent solubility of the pollutants (Edwards et al, 1991;Volkering et al, 1995), and facilitated transport of the pollutants from the solid phase (Yeom et al, 1996;Jiménez Islas et al, 2010). These mechanisms may cause enhanced mass transport and their relative contributions strongly depend on the physical state of the pollutants (Volkering et al 1998).…”

Section: Influence Of Biosurfactants On the Bioavailability Of Hydropmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosurfactants are useful tools for the bioremediation of contaminated soil: a review

Bustamante

Duran

Díez

2012

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Bioremediation processes are negatively affected by the low aqueous solubility of some contaminants; therefore their bioavailability may be enhanced by the addition of surfactants. These compounds are organic molecules that can be chemically and biologically produced. Surfactants contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups, therefore reducing surface and interfacial tensions of immiscible fluids and increasing the solubility and sorption of hydrophobic organic and inorganic compounds. This article provides an overview of characteristics of natural and synthetic surfactants and the effects of biosurfactants on solubility, sorption and biodegradation of hydrophobic organic contaminants; as well as the effects of biosurfactants on degrader microorganisms as white-rot fungi. Finally, some examples of application of natural surfactants for bioremediation of contaminated soils are shown. In general, this overview indicates the great potential of biosurfactants on the remediation of contaminated sites.

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“…The Triton X -100 surfactant is a popular flushing agent in the soil remediaiton practice (Yeom et al, 1996; Sahoo et al, 1998). The SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) is also frequently applied in the soil washing treatment (Deshpande et al, 1999).…”

Section: Screening Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Processes for In-Situ Treatment of Contaminated Soils - Final Report - 09/15/1996 - 01/31/2001

Huang¹

2001

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Contamination of soils by toxic organic pollutants is an environmental concern. The insitu electrokinetic (EK) technology is an emerging process to remediate the contaminated soils. Since the electro-osmotic (EO) flow rate and sorption behaviors of pollutants are two critical factors of the process, this study focuses on understanding the partition of nonionic organic contaminants in soil-water system, mechanisms of the EO flow, and the transport of organic compounds under an externally applied electrostatic field. The target compounds include chlorinated organic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In order to improve the treatment efficiency, surfactant and bio-surfactant were used. A thermodynamic concept, fugacity, was introduced to illustrate the interactions between organics and the soil. A semi-empirical equation was derived to describe the EO flow rate in unsaturated soils. Moverover, the diffusion-advection-sorption model was used to simulate the transport of nonionic organic contaminants in the presence of an electrostatic field.The sorption experiments were conducted with various initial solute concentrations and different soil to solution ratios. The selected chlorinated organics include tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform. Results show that Langnuir isotherm can be used to express the distribution behavior of these chlorinated organic compounds i n the soil-water system. In addition to the hydrophobicity (K ow ), the concentration of organic compound and soil to solution ratio can influence the distribution behavior also. In order to illustrate the effects of the organic concentration and soil to solution ratio, the activity coefficient was used.The activity coefficient, γ, a relative interaction based on chosen reference state, is a useful means to express the quantitative feature of the organic-soil interaction without detailed information of their interaction mechanisms. By comparing the activity coefficients, γ w and γ s (i.e., X s /X w ), one can illustrate the trend of organic distribution at the soil-water interfaces.The concentration effect can be explained by the changes in the adsorption of organic onto the soil surface. Based on the experimental results, when increasing the organic compound concentrations, the activity coefficient, γ w , can be considered as a constant and γ s increases due to the increase of interaction energy. The change of γ s makes the sorption isotherms of PCE, TCE, carbon tetrachloride, and chloroform non-linear. According to γ s , it can be seen that the sorption between these selceted chlorinated organics and the soil is exothermic.The effect of soil to solution ratio can be attributed to the presence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the liquid phase. DOM enhances the organic dissolution, which in turns increases the organic concentration, i.e., X w . Therefore, the partition coefficients of these chlorinated compounds, i.e., X s /X w , decrease with increasing the soil to solution ...

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Kinetic Aspects of Surfactant Solubilization of Soil-Bound Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Cited by 176 publications

References 27 publications

Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil

Electrokinetic remediation of perchloroethylene-contaminated soil

Biosurfactants are useful tools for the bioremediation of contaminated soil: a review

Electrochemical Processes for In-Situ Treatment of Contaminated Soils - Final Report - 09/15/1996 - 01/31/2001

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