Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors Performance

Exploring Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Test Methods and Conditions Using a Multicell Steel Rocker Rig

“…6−12 Although stirred autoclaves are still very much in use, the oil industry has moved more and more to using a different type of equipment, the high pressure rocking cell. 4,13,14 The cells are usually steel or sapphire (for visual observations) and generally vary in volume from about 10−50 mL. The cell contains a steel or glass ball and is rocked back and forth to create turbulence and mixing of the fluids.…”

“…However, in order to determine the absolute field performance of a KHI it has been argued that an infinite number of tests at the field conditions would need to be carried out and the worst result taken as the expected field performance. 13,19,20 Although rocking cells have been in used for a number of years, to the best of our knowledge there are no reports of a detailed study in which the different test conditions are used. This paper discusses KHI performance results using a 5-cell rocker rig in which the following parameters are investigated:…”

Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Studies for Gas Hydrate Systems: A Review of Experimental Equipment and Test Methods

“…Talley and other co-workers utilized the 1/2 in. mini-loop (∼3 m long with a transparent section for visual observation) and performed a series of KHI studies in the mid-1990s …”

“…mini-loop (∼3 m long with a transparent section for visual observation) and performed a series of KHI studies in the mid-1990s. 106 This led to the filing of multiple patents on several classes of polymers containing amide groups, including poly(Nalkylacrylamide)s and polyvinylamides. 90,92,93,107−110 Klomp and co-workers at Shell first utilized a flow loop with 1/4 in.…”